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'First vape death in the US' recorded in Illinois First vape death in the US recorded in Illinois
(about 11 hours later)
A patient has died after developing a severe respiratory disease due to vaping in the first such death in the US, say health officials.A patient has died after developing a severe respiratory disease due to vaping in the first such death in the US, say health officials.
The US state of Illinois' health agency said the unnamed patient was between 17 and 38 years old. It comes as experts investigate a mystery lung disease across the US that is linked to use of e-cigarettes.
It comes amid an outbreak of lung disease across the US that officials have linked to use of e-cigarettes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said there were 193 "potential cases" in 22 US states.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said nearly 200 people have fallen ill from vaping nationwide. Many of the cases involve vaping THC, the main active compound in cannabis, CDC experts said.
The cases were reported over the course of two months between 28 June and 20 August.
The person who died was "hospitalized with unexplained illness after reported vaping or e-cigarette use", Dr Jennifer Layden, the chief medical officer and state epidemiologist in Illinois, said.
CDC director Robert Redfield said: "We are saddened to hear of the first death related to the outbreak of severe lung disease in those who use e-cigarette or 'vaping' devices."CDC director Robert Redfield said: "We are saddened to hear of the first death related to the outbreak of severe lung disease in those who use e-cigarette or 'vaping' devices."
He added: "This tragic death in Illinois reinforces the serious risks associated with e-cigarette products. He added: "This tragic death in Illinois reinforces the serious risks associated with e-cigarette products."
"Vaping exposes users to many different substances for which we have little information about related harms - including flavourings, nicotine, cannabinoids and solvents." What is the illness?
He said vaping devices were not safe for children, young adults, pregnant women or even adults who do not normally use tobacco products. The cause of the mystery illness has not been identified, but all involve vaping in some form.
Also on Friday, the CDC said it was aware of 193 potential cases of severe lung disease in 22 states that could be caused by vaping. "In many cases, patients have acknowledged recent use of THC-containing product," the CDC's head of non-infectious diseases, Dr Ileana Arias, said.
Twenty-two of the cases were in Illinois. Those affected had symptoms including coughing, shortness of breath and fatigue as well as some cases of vomiting and diarrhoea. There is no evidence of an infectious disease - such as a virus or bacteria - being responsible.
This is a sharp rise in only two days; on Wednesday, the agency was recording 153 such cases in 16 states. But there is much that remains a mystery.
Those affected had symptoms including coughing, shortness of breath and fatigue as well as some cases of vomiting and diarrhoea. "It isn't clear if these cases have a common cause or if they are different diseases with similar presentations," Dr Arias said.
The CDC said it is unclear if the illnesses are related, but that they do not appear to stem from any infectious disease. There have been 22 cases in the state of Illinois, with patients ranging from 17 to 38 years old.
"In many cases, patients have acknowledged recent use of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-containing product," the CDC said, referring to the active compound present in cannabis. The 22 states affected are largely in the centre and north-east of the country, from Minnesota to North Carolina, though cases have also been reported in California, Texas, and New Mexico.
Officials have ordered laboratory tests of vaping liquid samples in a bid to identify any harmful compounds.
A "black market" is known to exist for THC-containing vape cartridges, which are sold legally through medical marijuana dispensaries in some states.
Users in online communities have warned of the dangers of unregulated fake cartridges.
Is regular vaping safe?
No cause for the mystery illness has been identified - and the link to THC products is not clear yet either.
Mitch Zeller of the US Food and Drug administration said it was important to understand that "we find ourselves in the early stages of these investigations trying to piece together the facts."
He said the FDA was exploring whether the products were used as intended or being modified by adding something to them.
The president of the American Vaping Association, Gregory Conley, said in a statement on Thursday that he was "confident" the illnesses were being caused by devices containing cannabis or other synthetic drugs, not nicotine.The president of the American Vaping Association, Gregory Conley, said in a statement on Thursday that he was "confident" the illnesses were being caused by devices containing cannabis or other synthetic drugs, not nicotine.
But Dr Brian King from the CDC's office on smoking and health warned against thinking of vaping as completely safe.
"We do know that e-cigarettes do not emit a harmless aerosol," he said.
"There's a variety of harmful ingredients identified, including things like ultrafine particulates, heavy metals like lead and cancer causing chemicals," he said, along with diacetyl - a flavouring used to give a "buttery" taste that has been linked to "severe respiratory illness".
He also warned of the possibility that similar cases had been happening for a long time, but the connection between them had been missed.
"It's possible that the reported cases could have been occurring before this investigation was even initiated," he said.
Dr King said it was possible "we weren't necessarily capturing them, but now there's increased diligence in terms of the current investigation that we're better able to".
At least two people have previously died in the US after their e-cigarette exploded in their face.At least two people have previously died in the US after their e-cigarette exploded in their face.