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Markets await Fed US interest rate decision – business live Markets await Fed US interest rate decision – business live
(35 minutes later)
8.43am GMT08:43
It is exactly seven years since the Federal Reserve cut interest rates to their current record lows of between zero and 0.25%.
That historic decision was taken in December 2008 -- a few weeks after Barack Obama won the US presidential election. At the time, few people thought rates would stay so low for so long.
Indeed, Ben Bernanke has admitted as much. The former Fed chair told Marketwatch that policymakers expected the economy would grow faster:
We were over-optimistic about the pace of growth in large part because we didn’t anticipate the slowdown in productivity growth that we’ve seen. However, from a cyclical perspective, the economy has recovered in fact more quickly than we anticipated in that the unemployment rate has fallen more quickly than we thought it would, indicating that we have moved back towards something approaching full employment.
Over the last three years, the unemployment rate has fallen about 3 percentage points which is relatively rapid, so, in that respect, the economy has actually done a little better than we have anticipated but in terms of overall growth it’s been less good.
8.35am GMT08:35
Germany has outperformed France (again).
The German private sector grew at a healthy rate last month, with the ‘composite PMI’ coming in at 54.9, close to October’s 55.2.
LATEST: German economic expansion is accelerating, manufacturing and services index suggests https://t.co/gLZnGaHCEs pic.twitter.com/ubYIYqV91g
8.19am GMT08:198.19am GMT08:19
French private sector growth hit by Paris attacksFrench private sector growth hit by Paris attacks
The first economic data of the day is disappointing.The first economic data of the day is disappointing.
France’s private sector slowed to near-stagnation last month, with service sector firms reporting a slump in new business following November’s terrorist attacks.France’s private sector slowed to near-stagnation last month, with service sector firms reporting a slump in new business following November’s terrorist attacks.
Data firm Markit’s composite output index, which tracks thousands of French firms, fell to 50.3 from 51.0 in October. That’s worryingly close to the 50-point mark that separates growth from contraction.Data firm Markit’s composite output index, which tracks thousands of French firms, fell to 50.3 from 51.0 in October. That’s worryingly close to the 50-point mark that separates growth from contraction.
Although manufacturing firms reported faster growth, service sector providers experienced the slowest rise in new work since August.Although manufacturing firms reported faster growth, service sector providers experienced the slowest rise in new work since August.
Jack Kennedy, senior economist at Markit, explains:Jack Kennedy, senior economist at Markit, explains:
“French private sector output growth nearly ground to a halt at the end of 2015 amid faltering new business intakes.“French private sector output growth nearly ground to a halt at the end of 2015 amid faltering new business intakes.
A slowdown in the dominant service sector was the driver, with some panellists indicating that their new business intakes had been impacted following the recent terrorist attacks.A slowdown in the dominant service sector was the driver, with some panellists indicating that their new business intakes had been impacted following the recent terrorist attacks.
Shares in hotel groups and airlines fell in the aftermath of the Paris atrocities, as analysts warned that tourism would suffer.Shares in hotel groups and airlines fell in the aftermath of the Paris atrocities, as analysts warned that tourism would suffer.
France’s economy expanded by just 0.3% in the last quarter, not enough to lower its record unemployment rate. This PMI report suggests that growth may be slowing...France’s economy expanded by just 0.3% in the last quarter, not enough to lower its record unemployment rate. This PMI report suggests that growth may be slowing...
8.12am GMT08:128.12am GMT08:12
My US colleague Jana Kasperkevic has pulled together a guide to today’s Federal Reserve meeting:My US colleague Jana Kasperkevic has pulled together a guide to today’s Federal Reserve meeting:
Related: Will interest rates rise? Your guide to the Fed's upcoming meetingRelated: Will interest rates rise? Your guide to the Fed's upcoming meeting
8.08am GMT08:088.08am GMT08:08
There are no early dramas in the European sovereign debt markets.There are no early dramas in the European sovereign debt markets.
Government bonds are changing hands at similar prices to last night, suggesting we’re in a holding pattern ahead of the Fed:Government bonds are changing hands at similar prices to last night, suggesting we’re in a holding pattern ahead of the Fed:
Minimum activity in bonds ahead of FOMC decision as rate hike fully priced in after 7yrs of zero interest rate pol. pic.twitter.com/1UnvSvaFRTMinimum activity in bonds ahead of FOMC decision as rate hike fully priced in after 7yrs of zero interest rate pol. pic.twitter.com/1UnvSvaFRT
Some analysts, such as London Capital Market’s Ipek Ozkardeskaya, just want the whole thing to be over:Some analysts, such as London Capital Market’s Ipek Ozkardeskaya, just want the whole thing to be over:
I am already tired of the #Fed. And even the new concept of 'dovish hike'.I am already tired of the #Fed. And even the new concept of 'dovish hike'.
7.59am GMT07:597.59am GMT07:59
Central bank decision rooms are rarely places of peace and tranquility (as regular observers of the European Central Bank know well!).Central bank decision rooms are rarely places of peace and tranquility (as regular observers of the European Central Bank know well!).
And the members of the Federal Reserve’s Open Market Committee (FOMC) are unlikely to be united at today’s meeting.And the members of the Federal Reserve’s Open Market Committee (FOMC) are unlikely to be united at today’s meeting.
Michael Hewson of CMC Markets reckons as many as three policymakers could oppose a 25 basis point hike in rates today:Michael Hewson of CMC Markets reckons as many as three policymakers could oppose a 25 basis point hike in rates today:
Given the Fed’s ability to surprise and the current uncertain environment does it seem likely that the Fed will do as the market expects, or could we see a seriously split vote of at least three dissenters, with Evans, Brainard and Tarullo the most likely candidates? We need to consider the divergent nature of views aired in recent weeks which are bound to come into play and there is also the remote possibility that we could see a fudge that pleases nobody, and catches the market by surprise.Given the Fed’s ability to surprise and the current uncertain environment does it seem likely that the Fed will do as the market expects, or could we see a seriously split vote of at least three dissenters, with Evans, Brainard and Tarullo the most likely candidates? We need to consider the divergent nature of views aired in recent weeks which are bound to come into play and there is also the remote possibility that we could see a fudge that pleases nobody, and catches the market by surprise.
Hewson also suggests that the Fed could surprise investors:Hewson also suggests that the Fed could surprise investors:
A surprise could take the form of a band hike of 12.5 basis points, as opposed to 25, or the removal of the lower bound to a fixed rate of 0.25%.A surprise could take the form of a band hike of 12.5 basis points, as opposed to 25, or the removal of the lower bound to a fixed rate of 0.25%.
Moving the rate by 12.5 basis points wouldn’t be an unusual state of affairs given that this was done on a periodic basis in the 1980’s, but it would fly in the face of market expectations, and would certainly be a case of back to the future.Moving the rate by 12.5 basis points wouldn’t be an unusual state of affairs given that this was done on a periodic basis in the 1980’s, but it would fly in the face of market expectations, and would certainly be a case of back to the future.
7.52am GMT07:527.52am GMT07:52
Asian markets rally ahead of the FedAsian markets rally ahead of the Fed
Over in Asia, shares have bounced overnight as investors digested the prospect of a US interest rate hike tonight.Over in Asia, shares have bounced overnight as investors digested the prospect of a US interest rate hike tonight.
In Tokyo, the Nikkei reversed two days of losses to close 2.6% higher. And Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 bounced back from a three-year low, gaining 2.4%.In Tokyo, the Nikkei reversed two days of losses to close 2.6% higher. And Australia’s S&P/ASX 200 bounced back from a three-year low, gaining 2.4%.
The rally suggests that traders are pleased that the seemingly endless speculation over a Fed rate hike will probably end today.The rally suggests that traders are pleased that the seemingly endless speculation over a Fed rate hike will probably end today.
As Angus Nicholson of IG put it:As Angus Nicholson of IG put it:
The rally we are seeing in equity markets indicates that they are likely to respond well to a rate hike at the decision today as certainty in the direction of Fed policy should bring some stability to markets.The rally we are seeing in equity markets indicates that they are likely to respond well to a rate hike at the decision today as certainty in the direction of Fed policy should bring some stability to markets.
7.39am GMT07:397.39am GMT07:39
City investors are approaching Fed Day in a cautious mood.City investors are approaching Fed Day in a cautious mood.
The FTSE 100 is expected to inch up by around 5 points when trading begins, having surged by 143 points, or 2.45%, yesterday.The FTSE 100 is expected to inch up by around 5 points when trading begins, having surged by 143 points, or 2.45%, yesterday.
Traders see 78% chance of hike today (Fed Funds Futures implying). Stocks rallying, volatility calming into decision pic.twitter.com/h5bxJijz80Traders see 78% chance of hike today (Fed Funds Futures implying). Stocks rallying, volatility calming into decision pic.twitter.com/h5bxJijz80
7.19am GMT07:197.19am GMT07:19
Introduction: Welcome to Fed DayIntroduction: Welcome to Fed Day
Good morning, and welcome to our rolling coverage of the world economy, the financial markets, the eurozone and business.Good morning, and welcome to our rolling coverage of the world economy, the financial markets, the eurozone and business.
The waiting is nearly over. In just under 12 hours time, America’s central bank will announce whether it has taken the plunge and raised interest rates for the first time in nearly a decade.The waiting is nearly over. In just under 12 hours time, America’s central bank will announce whether it has taken the plunge and raised interest rates for the first time in nearly a decade.
Today’s Federal Reserve decision is the last major financial event of the year, and it really is a case of “all eyes on the Fed”.Today’s Federal Reserve decision is the last major financial event of the year, and it really is a case of “all eyes on the Fed”.
Good morning and happy FOMC day!Good morning and happy FOMC day!
A lot has happened since Ben Bernanke hiked interest rates in June 2006, to 5.25% – which may seem stratospheric to younger readers.A lot has happened since Ben Bernanke hiked interest rates in June 2006, to 5.25% – which may seem stratospheric to younger readers.
A year later the credit crunch struck, followed by the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the global recession, and unprecedented stimulus packages from the world’s central bankers which left US interest rates at just 0%-0.25%.A year later the credit crunch struck, followed by the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the global recession, and unprecedented stimulus packages from the world’s central bankers which left US interest rates at just 0%-0.25%.
Investors are widely expecting the Fed to start tightening monetary policy today. But if that happens, Fed chair Janet Yellen will probably take a dovish tone when she addresses the media at a press conference.Investors are widely expecting the Fed to start tightening monetary policy today. But if that happens, Fed chair Janet Yellen will probably take a dovish tone when she addresses the media at a press conference.
Yellen is likely to emphasise that future rate moves will remain “data-dependent”, meaning borrowing costs will stay low for some time. But will that be enough to prevent fresh turmoil in the foreign exchange, equities and commodity markets?Yellen is likely to emphasise that future rate moves will remain “data-dependent”, meaning borrowing costs will stay low for some time. But will that be enough to prevent fresh turmoil in the foreign exchange, equities and commodity markets?
The start of the Fed tightening cycle will surely cause some ructions in the markets in the weeks ahead. Anticipation of a hike has already driven emerging market currencies down and driven junk bonds into dangerous territory.The start of the Fed tightening cycle will surely cause some ructions in the markets in the weeks ahead. Anticipation of a hike has already driven emerging market currencies down and driven junk bonds into dangerous territory.
But there will surely also be some relief that the waiting is finally over. This saga has gone on long enough.....But there will surely also be some relief that the waiting is finally over. This saga has gone on long enough.....
What else is afoot?What else is afoot?
The Fed decision really is the main event today.The Fed decision really is the main event today.
But we can while away the time with new surveys of the eurozone economy, the latest UK unemployment data, and a second estimate of euro inflation.But we can while away the time with new surveys of the eurozone economy, the latest UK unemployment data, and a second estimate of euro inflation.
Ahead of the Fed, we've got euro area flash PMIs (topish services; Paris attacks) and final Nov HICP (upward revision likely).Ahead of the Fed, we've got euro area flash PMIs (topish services; Paris attacks) and final Nov HICP (upward revision likely).
Updated at 7.37am GMTUpdated at 7.37am GMT