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| Version 1 | Version 2 |
|---|---|
| Artificial intelligence: Go master Lee Se-dol wins against AlphaGo program | Artificial intelligence: Go master Lee Se-dol wins against AlphaGo program |
| (about 17 hours later) | |
| A master player of the game Go has won his first match against a Google computer program, after losing three in a row in a best-of-five competition. | A master player of the game Go has won his first match against a Google computer program, after losing three in a row in a best-of-five competition. |
| Lee Se-dol, one of the world's top players, said his win against AlphaGo was "invaluable". | Lee Se-dol, one of the world's top players, said his win against AlphaGo was "invaluable". |
| The Chinese board game is considered to be a much more complex challenge for a computer than chess, and AlphaGo's wins were seen as a landmark moment for artificial intelligence. | The Chinese board game is considered to be a much more complex challenge for a computer than chess, and AlphaGo's wins were seen as a landmark moment for artificial intelligence. |
| A fifth game will be played on Tuesday. | A fifth game will be played on Tuesday. |
| Go is a game of two players who take turns putting black or white stones on a 19-by-19 grid. Players win by taking control of the most territory on the board. | |
| Commentator Michael Redmond said AlphaGo had been playing well up until the middle of the game, but at move 78, Mr Lee played brilliantly. | Commentator Michael Redmond said AlphaGo had been playing well up until the middle of the game, but at move 78, Mr Lee played brilliantly. |
| Speaking after his victory, Mr Lee said: "I've never been congratulated so much because I've won one game." | Speaking after his victory, Mr Lee said: "I've never been congratulated so much because I've won one game." |
| Google representatives said the defeat was "very valuable" for AlphaGo, as it identified a problem which they could now try to fix. | Google representatives said the defeat was "very valuable" for AlphaGo, as it identified a problem which they could now try to fix. |
| In the first game of the series, AlphaGo triumphed by a very narrow margin - Mr Lee had led for most of the match, but AlphaGo managed to build up a strong lead in its closing stages. | In the first game of the series, AlphaGo triumphed by a very narrow margin - Mr Lee had led for most of the match, but AlphaGo managed to build up a strong lead in its closing stages. |
| After losing the second match to Deep Mind, Lee Se-dol said he was "speechless" adding that the AlphaGo machine played a "nearly perfect game". | After losing the second match to Deep Mind, Lee Se-dol said he was "speechless" adding that the AlphaGo machine played a "nearly perfect game". |
| In the third game commentators said that Lee Se-dol had brought his "top game" but that AlphaGo had won "in great style". | In the third game commentators said that Lee Se-dol had brought his "top game" but that AlphaGo had won "in great style". |
| The AlphaGo system was developed by British computer company DeepMind which was bought by Google in 2014. | The AlphaGo system was developed by British computer company DeepMind which was bought by Google in 2014. |
| It has built up its expertise by studying older games and teasing out patterns of play. | It has built up its expertise by studying older games and teasing out patterns of play. |
| DeepMind chief executive Demis Hassabis said AlphaGo "played itself, different versions of itself, millions and millions of times and each time got incrementally slightly better". | DeepMind chief executive Demis Hassabis said AlphaGo "played itself, different versions of itself, millions and millions of times and each time got incrementally slightly better". |
| "It learns from its mistakes," he told the BBC. | "It learns from its mistakes," he told the BBC. |
| What is Go? | What is Go? |
| Go is thought to date back to several thousand years ago in China. | Go is thought to date back to several thousand years ago in China. |
| Using black-and-white stones on a grid, players gain the upper hand by surrounding their opponents pieces with their own. | Using black-and-white stones on a grid, players gain the upper hand by surrounding their opponents pieces with their own. |
| The rules are simpler than those of chess, but a player typically has a choice of 200 moves, compared with about 20 in chess - there are more possible positions in Go than atoms in the universe, according to DeepMind's team. | The rules are simpler than those of chess, but a player typically has a choice of 200 moves, compared with about 20 in chess - there are more possible positions in Go than atoms in the universe, according to DeepMind's team. |
| It can be very difficult to determine who is winning, and many of the top human players rely on instinct. | It can be very difficult to determine who is winning, and many of the top human players rely on instinct. |