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'Ahok': Jakarta governor's blasphemy trial begins 'Ahok': Emotional scenes as blasphemy trial begins
(about 1 hour later)
The governor of Jakarta, a Christian of Chinese descent, has denied he intended to insult Islam, during his blasphemy trial in the Indonesian capital. There were emotional scenes in court on the first day of the blasphemy trial of Jakarta's governor, a Christian of Chinese descent.
In an opening statement, Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, known as Ahok, insisted his comments were aimed at politicians "incorrectly" using a Koranic verse. Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, known as Ahok, cried as he denied allegations he insulted Islam.
Security is tight as both detractors and supporters of Mr Purnama gather outside the court. He insisted his comments were aimed at politicians "incorrectly" using a Koranic verse against him, not at the verse itself.
The case is being seen as a test of religious tolerance in Indonesia. Mr Purnama is the city's first non-Muslim governor in 50 years.
Mr Purnama, who faces a maximum five-year jail sentence, is the city's first non-Muslim governor in more than 50 years. The case is being seen as a test of religious tolerance in the world's largest Muslim-majority nation.
There are some who fear the trial signals the growing influence of hardliners in the world's largest Muslim-majority nation. The prosecution said Mr Purnama insulted Islam by misusing a Koranic verse which suggests Muslims should not be ruled by non-Muslims to boost public support ahead of February's governorship election.
If convicted, he faces a maximum five-year jail sentence. After the short hearing, the trial was adjourned until 20 December.
Rights groups say the authorities have set a dangerous precedent in which a noisy hardline Islamic minority can influence the legal process, says the BBC's Rebecca Henschke in Jakarta.
Read more: Who is Jakarta's non-Muslim governor?Read more: Who is Jakarta's non-Muslim governor?
Mr Purnama arrived at the court alongside lawyers and police and bowed to the five judges sitting on the trial before taking his seat.
He became emotional as he told the court about his Muslim godparents.
"As a person who grew up in Islamic circles, is not possible for me to insult Islam," he said.
But prosecutor Ali Mukartono said Mr Purnama insulted Islam by misusing a Koranic verse to increase his chances in an upcoming governorship election.
Who is 'Ahok'?Who is 'Ahok'?
A businessman who became Jakarta's deputy governor, Mr Purnama was made governor when his predecessor Joko Widodo became president in 2014.A businessman who became Jakarta's deputy governor, Mr Purnama was made governor when his predecessor Joko Widodo became president in 2014.
At the time, the hardline Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) said it did not want him to succeed Mr Widodo, arguing a Christian should not govern a Muslim-majority city. They have played a major role in the latest protests against the governor.At the time, the hardline Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) said it did not want him to succeed Mr Widodo, arguing a Christian should not govern a Muslim-majority city. They have played a major role in the latest protests against the governor.
He is seen as a political independent and is popular for his tough stance against corruption. As governor, he put his focus firmly on improving public transport and access to healthcare and education. Seen as politically independent, he was popular for his tough stance against corruption, and for improving poor public transport and other public services.
Elections for Jakarta's governorship are due in February 2017 and Mr Purnama is among several candidates in contention.
What are the allegations?What are the allegations?
While campaigning for the elections in September, Mr Purnama made a speech where he said that Islamic groups who were using a Koranic verse to lobby against him were deceiving voters. During campaigning in September, Mr Purnama made a speech where he said Islamic groups using a Koranic verse against him were deceiving voters.
The verse is interpreted by some as prohibiting Muslims from living under the leadership of a non-Muslim.The verse is interpreted by some as prohibiting Muslims from living under the leadership of a non-Muslim.
Islamic groups said he had criticised the Koran and lodged complaints with police. Mr Purnama apologised but denied blasphemy. Islamic groups said he had criticised the Koran and complained to police, who began an investigation. Mr Purnama has repeatedly apologised but denied blasphemy.
His supporters say that a video of the event which was widely circulated had been edited and subtitled to make it appear as if he was criticising the verse, rather than those who invoked it. His supporters say a widely-circulated video of the event had been edited and subtitled to make it appear he was criticising the verse, rather than those invoking it.
In November, about 100,000 Islamists took to the streets demanding his arrest in a protest that turned violent.
The president promised a transparent investigation and police officially declared Mr Purnama a suspect on 16 November.
What is the significance of a blasphemy charge?What is the significance of a blasphemy charge?
Although Indonesia's constitution guarantees freedom of religion, the country only recognises six religions and has tough penalties for blasphemy against any of them.Although Indonesia's constitution guarantees freedom of religion, the country only recognises six religions and has tough penalties for blasphemy against any of them.
In practice, observers say the laws are often used to defend the Sunni majority, with Shia Muslims and other minority groups often the target of prosecutions. But observers say the laws are sometimes used against religious minorities.
Atheists too have been prosecuted, with one man sentenced to two-and-a-half years in jail in 2012 for saying on Facebook God does not exist. Atheists too have been prosecuted, with one man sentenced to two-and-a-half years in jail in 2012 for saying on Facebook that God does not exist.
Is there more to it?Is there more to it?
President Widodo has blamed "political actors" for trying to take advantage of the furore. President Widodo has blamed "political actors" for taking advantage of the furore.
The case has benefitted Mr Purnama's rivals in the election race, which he was seen as the frontrunner before the blasphemy allegations. The case has benefitted Mr Purnama's rivals in the election race where he previously seen as the frontrunner.
Some have suggested the case also shows that Indonesia, historically a moderate Muslim nation, is becoming more radical. Some observers say the case shows that Indonesia, historically a moderate Muslim nation, is becoming more radical.
However, Indonesia's largest Islamic group, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), told its members not to take part in the anti-Ahok rallies. However, Indonesia's largest Islamic group, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), told its members not to take part in the anti-Ahok rallies.
Others fear that the move against Mr Purnama is about his ethnicity, although this is denied by protest organisers.
In 1998, a wave of anti-Chinese sentiment led to mobs looting and burning Chinese-owned shops and houses, leaving more than 1,000 people dead.In 1998, a wave of anti-Chinese sentiment led to mobs looting and burning Chinese-owned shops and houses, leaving more than 1,000 people dead.
Christians represent less than 10% of the country's 250 million people, and ethnic Chinese about 1%.Christians represent less than 10% of the country's 250 million people, and ethnic Chinese about 1%.