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| Brexit: Minister resigns over Theresa May's 'naive' deal | |
| (35 minutes later) | |
| A UK minister has resigned saying a row over involvement in the EU's Galileo satellite-navigation system exposes Theresa May's Brexit deal as "naive". | |
| The UK had wanted to stay part of Galileo after Brexit, but the EU said it would be banned from the extra-secure elements of the programme. | The UK had wanted to stay part of Galileo after Brexit, but the EU said it would be banned from the extra-secure elements of the programme. |
| Mrs May confirmed on Friday that the UK was pulling out of the project. | |
| Science minister Sam Gyimah said it was "a clarion call" and that any deal with Brussels would be "EU first". | |
| The UK's interests "will be repeatedly and permanently hammered by the EU27 for many years to come", he added in a Facebook post setting out his reasons for resigning. He also said he would be voting against Mrs May's deal. | The UK's interests "will be repeatedly and permanently hammered by the EU27 for many years to come", he added in a Facebook post setting out his reasons for resigning. He also said he would be voting against Mrs May's deal. |
| Former Tory cabinet minister and campaigner for the People's Vote, Justine Greening, said Mr Gyimah was a "highly respected and capable minister" and praised him for not ruling out a second vote. | |
| And the Lib Dem's education spokeswoman, Layla Moran, said Mr Gyimah's exit showed the government was "falling apart", and that he had "seen at close quarters the devastating effect this botched Brexit will have on these important sectors". | |
| Galileo is the EU's upcoming version of the US's GPS, which is used by millions of people around the world. | Galileo is the EU's upcoming version of the US's GPS, which is used by millions of people around the world. |
| The UK invested €1.4bn into the project and has estimated returns to UK industry of €1.15bn. | |
| But when the BBC asked if any more of the money would be given back, a government spokesman said the project was "part of the withdrawal agreement" and the UK had reached "a fair financial settlement with the EU". | |
| Mrs May said the British army - which had been planning to use Galileo along with the US GPS - will no longer use it. | Mrs May said the British army - which had been planning to use Galileo along with the US GPS - will no longer use it. |
| The UK will instead explore options to build its own satellite-navigation system. The government has already set aside £92m to look at how it can be done. | |
| "I cannot let our armed services depend on a system we cannot be sure of," Mrs May said. "That would not be in our national interest. | "I cannot let our armed services depend on a system we cannot be sure of," Mrs May said. "That would not be in our national interest. |
| "And as a global player with world-class engineers and steadfast allies around the world we are not short of options." | "And as a global player with world-class engineers and steadfast allies around the world we are not short of options." |
| What is Galileo? | What is Galileo? |
| Many people's sat-navs and mobile location services currently run on a US military-based system called GPS - global positioning system - which uses satellites to pinpoint our locations. China and Russia also have satellite-navigation positioning systems. | Many people's sat-navs and mobile location services currently run on a US military-based system called GPS - global positioning system - which uses satellites to pinpoint our locations. China and Russia also have satellite-navigation positioning systems. |
| In 1999, the European Union embarked on a plan to put together its own network of satellites, called Galileo, so it was not reliant on the US, Russian and Chinese systems. | In 1999, the European Union embarked on a plan to put together its own network of satellites, called Galileo, so it was not reliant on the US, Russian and Chinese systems. |
| The first satellites were put into orbit in 2013 and it is planned to be fully operational in 2020 with 30 satellites orbiting earth. The technology will be used by EU governments, citizens, military and industry. | The first satellites were put into orbit in 2013 and it is planned to be fully operational in 2020 with 30 satellites orbiting earth. The technology will be used by EU governments, citizens, military and industry. |
| All EU member states will be allowed access to it - including the "public regulated service" (PRS) part of Galileo, which is the secret inner workings and is due to be completed in the mid-2020s. | All EU member states will be allowed access to it - including the "public regulated service" (PRS) part of Galileo, which is the secret inner workings and is due to be completed in the mid-2020s. |
| This can only be used by government-authorised users like police and only during emergencies or crisis situations. | This can only be used by government-authorised users like police and only during emergencies or crisis situations. |
| While GPS is accurate to within about 20 metres, Galileo is designed to improve that, to around one metre. | While GPS is accurate to within about 20 metres, Galileo is designed to improve that, to around one metre. |
| The government said there should be no noticeable impact for the public from withdrawing from the project, as devices that already use Galileo, such as smartphones, will carry on doing so. | |
| Why did the UK and EU disagree over it? | Why did the UK and EU disagree over it? |
| The UK has been a key player in the Galileo project. The UK has spent 1.4bn euros (£1.2bn) on the project, according to a report in April. | The UK has been a key player in the Galileo project. The UK has spent 1.4bn euros (£1.2bn) on the project, according to a report in April. |
| UK companies have built components for Galileo and one of the project's two Galileo Security Monitoring Centres was based in the UK, in Swanwick. The site is now being relocated to Spain. | UK companies have built components for Galileo and one of the project's two Galileo Security Monitoring Centres was based in the UK, in Swanwick. The site is now being relocated to Spain. |
| In May 2018, the UK's Department for Exiting the European Union said it wanted to continue participating in Galileo. | In May 2018, the UK's Department for Exiting the European Union said it wanted to continue participating in Galileo. |
| But the EU said that the restricted and security-related part of the system - PRS, which is of particular interest for the military - is only for EU members and, after Brexit, the UK will not be allowed access. | But the EU said that the restricted and security-related part of the system - PRS, which is of particular interest for the military - is only for EU members and, after Brexit, the UK will not be allowed access. |
| The EU said the UK would not be allowed to be trusted with the EU's most sensitive security information after Brexit. | The EU said the UK would not be allowed to be trusted with the EU's most sensitive security information after Brexit. |
| In June 2018, UK companies were excluded from bidding for contracts on the satellite system. | In June 2018, UK companies were excluded from bidding for contracts on the satellite system. |
| What has the UK government announced? | What has the UK government announced? |
| On Friday evening, Downing Street said the UK will no longer seek access to secure aspects of Galileo for defence or critical infrastructure after Brexit. | On Friday evening, Downing Street said the UK will no longer seek access to secure aspects of Galileo for defence or critical infrastructure after Brexit. |
| Instead, the UK Space Agency is looking into creating Britain's own system that can be used to guide military drones, run energy networks and be used on people's smartphones. Contracts are being tendered. | Instead, the UK Space Agency is looking into creating Britain's own system that can be used to guide military drones, run energy networks and be used on people's smartphones. Contracts are being tendered. |
| Any system will provide both open and encrypted signals and must be compatible with the US GPS system in case one is attacked. | Any system will provide both open and encrypted signals and must be compatible with the US GPS system in case one is attacked. |
| "I have been clear from the outset that the UK will remain firmly committed to Europe's collective security after Brexit," the PM said. | "I have been clear from the outset that the UK will remain firmly committed to Europe's collective security after Brexit," the PM said. |
| "But given the Commission's decision to bar the UK from being fully involved in developing all aspects of Galileo it is only right that we find alternatives. | "But given the Commission's decision to bar the UK from being fully involved in developing all aspects of Galileo it is only right that we find alternatives. |
| Number 10 said the UK is a "world-leader in developing satellite technology", adding that "Glasgow builds more satellites than any other European city". | Number 10 said the UK is a "world-leader in developing satellite technology", adding that "Glasgow builds more satellites than any other European city". |
| Defence Secretary Gavin Williamson said: "Space poses a new and increasingly dangerous front for warfare and it is crucial to push ahead with plans for our own world-class, independent satellite system. | Defence Secretary Gavin Williamson said: "Space poses a new and increasingly dangerous front for warfare and it is crucial to push ahead with plans for our own world-class, independent satellite system. |
| "This also gives us an opportunity to draw on British skills and expertise as we leave the EU as a truly leading nation in satellite technology." | "This also gives us an opportunity to draw on British skills and expertise as we leave the EU as a truly leading nation in satellite technology." |
| In August, UK ministers set aside £92m to scope out how feasible it would be to create an alternative to Galileo. The programme to design it, the government said, would take approximately 18 months to complete. | In August, UK ministers set aside £92m to scope out how feasible it would be to create an alternative to Galileo. The programme to design it, the government said, would take approximately 18 months to complete. |
| What have critics said? | What have critics said? |
| Conservative MP Dominic Grieve, who campaigned for the UK to stay in the EU, said: "Brexit was supposed to increase our strength and influence, yet here we are pulling out of a key project of great importance to our national security. | Conservative MP Dominic Grieve, who campaigned for the UK to stay in the EU, said: "Brexit was supposed to increase our strength and influence, yet here we are pulling out of a key project of great importance to our national security. |
| "To compound this disaster, we will have to pay out billions to replace the project," he said. | "To compound this disaster, we will have to pay out billions to replace the project," he said. |