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| Coronavirus, Vaccine, U.S. Death Toll: Your Tuesday Briefing | |
| (about 1 hour later) | |
| (Want to get this briefing by email? Here’s the sign-up.) | |
| Good morning. | Good morning. |
| We’re covering Oxford scientists leading the world race for a vaccine, the U.S. death toll passing 50,000 and a virtual tour of Easter Island. | We’re covering Oxford scientists leading the world race for a vaccine, the U.S. death toll passing 50,000 and a virtual tour of Easter Island. |
| An Oxford University laboratory is pulling ahead in the worldwide race for a vaccine to stop the coronavirus. | An Oxford University laboratory is pulling ahead in the worldwide race for a vaccine to stop the coronavirus. |
| While most research teams have started with small clinical trials on a few hundred patients, scientists at the university’s Jenner Institute are scheduled to test their new coronavirus vaccine on more than 6,000 people by the end of May. | While most research teams have started with small clinical trials on a few hundred patients, scientists at the university’s Jenner Institute are scheduled to test their new coronavirus vaccine on more than 6,000 people by the end of May. |
| The institute had a head start, having already proved that similar inoculations did not harm humans. If the vaccine is effective and approved by regulators, the scientists say, the first doses of it could be available by September. | The institute had a head start, having already proved that similar inoculations did not harm humans. If the vaccine is effective and approved by regulators, the scientists say, the first doses of it could be available by September. |
| Details: Six rhesus macaque monkeys inoculated with the Oxford vaccine and exposed to the virus were healthy 28 days later. The exposure had consistently sickened other monkeys in the lab — a promising, though not guaranteed, sign. | Details: Six rhesus macaque monkeys inoculated with the Oxford vaccine and exposed to the virus were healthy 28 days later. The exposure had consistently sickened other monkeys in the lab — a promising, though not guaranteed, sign. |
| Go deeper: Doctors in the U.S. are performing trials of estrogen as a treatment for male patients, theorizing that the hormone is helping women survive the virus. | Go deeper: Doctors in the U.S. are performing trials of estrogen as a treatment for male patients, theorizing that the hormone is helping women survive the virus. |
| In other news: | In other news: |
| Prime Minister Boris Johnson of Britain returned to work on Monday and said the country was “beginning to turn the tide,” but gave no indication of when or how the country’s lockdown would be lifted. | Prime Minister Boris Johnson of Britain returned to work on Monday and said the country was “beginning to turn the tide,” but gave no indication of when or how the country’s lockdown would be lifted. |
| Oil prices plunged again on Monday, with the American benchmark hurtling toward $10 a barrel, amid fears of a global glut in crude continued to weigh on markets. Futures markets predicted downbeat openings in Europe and on Wall Street. Follow our live briefing here. | Oil prices plunged again on Monday, with the American benchmark hurtling toward $10 a barrel, amid fears of a global glut in crude continued to weigh on markets. Futures markets predicted downbeat openings in Europe and on Wall Street. Follow our live briefing here. |
| Airbus, one of the world’s largest manufacturers, issued a warning on Monday that it could go out of business as orders for its planes have been deferred. | Airbus, one of the world’s largest manufacturers, issued a warning on Monday that it could go out of business as orders for its planes have been deferred. |
| France’s government is facing backlash for rushing through a vote on their plan to reopen the country today, which includes measures on digitally tracking people. | France’s government is facing backlash for rushing through a vote on their plan to reopen the country today, which includes measures on digitally tracking people. |
| Germany made face masks mandatory for those using public transport and in most shops starting Monday, and Switzerland allowed a limited number of businesses to reopen. | Germany made face masks mandatory for those using public transport and in most shops starting Monday, and Switzerland allowed a limited number of businesses to reopen. |
| Afghanistan said it would release 12,000 prisoners, in addition to the 10,000 already being freed, as the pandemic spreads across the country and prisons remain overcrowded. | Afghanistan said it would release 12,000 prisoners, in addition to the 10,000 already being freed, as the pandemic spreads across the country and prisons remain overcrowded. |
| Health care workers, stigmatized as vectors of contagion because of their work, have been assaulted and abused in several countries. In the Philippines, attackers doused a nurse with bleach, blinding him. | Health care workers, stigmatized as vectors of contagion because of their work, have been assaulted and abused in several countries. In the Philippines, attackers doused a nurse with bleach, blinding him. |
| Here are the latest updates and maps of the pandemic. | Here are the latest updates and maps of the pandemic. |
| The Times is providing free access to much of our coronavirus coverage, and our Coronavirus Briefing newsletter — like all of our newsletters — is free. Please consider supporting our journalism with a subscription. | The Times is providing free access to much of our coronavirus coverage, and our Coronavirus Briefing newsletter — like all of our newsletters — is free. Please consider supporting our journalism with a subscription. |
| The United States has, by far, the world’s largest Covid-19 outbreak, with more than 987,000 cases. On Monday, the death toll surpassed 50,000, according to data compiled by The Times. | The United States has, by far, the world’s largest Covid-19 outbreak, with more than 987,000 cases. On Monday, the death toll surpassed 50,000, according to data compiled by The Times. |
| Yet a few states — including Colorado, Minnesota and Mississippi — are beginning to restart their economies. Even New York State, the epicenter of the U.S. outbreak, will allow some “low risk” businesses like construction and manufacturing to reopen after May 15. | Yet a few states — including Colorado, Minnesota and Mississippi — are beginning to restart their economies. Even New York State, the epicenter of the U.S. outbreak, will allow some “low risk” businesses like construction and manufacturing to reopen after May 15. |
| And on Monday, President Trump urged some of nation’s governors to reopen schools before the end of the academic year. | And on Monday, President Trump urged some of nation’s governors to reopen schools before the end of the academic year. |
| Notable: 60 percent of voters in New York City say they personally know someone who tested positive, and 46 percent know someone who died of the virus, according to one poll. | Notable: 60 percent of voters in New York City say they personally know someone who tested positive, and 46 percent know someone who died of the virus, according to one poll. |
| Analysis: Three journalists reviewed every word Mr. Trump has spoken on the virus since March 9 — more than 260,000 words. They found a display of presidential hubris and self-pity unlike anything historians say they have seen before. | Analysis: Three journalists reviewed every word Mr. Trump has spoken on the virus since March 9 — more than 260,000 words. They found a display of presidential hubris and self-pity unlike anything historians say they have seen before. |
| In memoriam: Lorna Breen, an emergency room doctor at a New York hospital that treated many coronavirus patients died by suicide on Sunday. “Make sure she’s praised as a hero, because she was,” her father said. “She’s a casualty just as much as anyone else who has died.” | In memoriam: Lorna Breen, an emergency room doctor at a New York hospital that treated many coronavirus patients died by suicide on Sunday. “Make sure she’s praised as a hero, because she was,” her father said. “She’s a casualty just as much as anyone else who has died.” |
| Above, the forest at Sandarmokh in northwestern Russia where thousands of Stalin’s victims were executed. Yuri Dmitriev, an amateur historian, had made it his life’s work to commemorate these political prisoners after discovering their graves more than 20 years ago. | Above, the forest at Sandarmokh in northwestern Russia where thousands of Stalin’s victims were executed. Yuri Dmitriev, an amateur historian, had made it his life’s work to commemorate these political prisoners after discovering their graves more than 20 years ago. |
| Mr. Dmitriev is awaiting trial on what his supporters dismiss as blatantly fabricated charges of pedophilia — accusations frequently used by the Russian authorities to silence unwanted voices. | Mr. Dmitriev is awaiting trial on what his supporters dismiss as blatantly fabricated charges of pedophilia — accusations frequently used by the Russian authorities to silence unwanted voices. |
| Kim Jong-un: The South Korean official responsible for the country’s policy on North Korea rejected rumors that the regime’s leader is gravely ill. Mr. Kim’s last public appearance was on April 11. | Kim Jong-un: The South Korean official responsible for the country’s policy on North Korea rejected rumors that the regime’s leader is gravely ill. Mr. Kim’s last public appearance was on April 11. |
| Iran nuclear deal: Secretary of State Mike Pompeo is preparing a legal argument that the U.S. remains a participant in the Iran nuclear accord renounced by President Trump — a move meant to pressure the United Nations Security Council to extend an arms embargo. | Iran nuclear deal: Secretary of State Mike Pompeo is preparing a legal argument that the U.S. remains a participant in the Iran nuclear accord renounced by President Trump — a move meant to pressure the United Nations Security Council to extend an arms embargo. |
| Snapshot: Above, Easter Island, where around 1,000 monolithic statues dot the landscape. The beauty of the island, which is 2,200 miles off the coast of Chile, is the latest in our series “The World Through a Lens,” in which photojournalists transport you virtually. | Snapshot: Above, Easter Island, where around 1,000 monolithic statues dot the landscape. The beauty of the island, which is 2,200 miles off the coast of Chile, is the latest in our series “The World Through a Lens,” in which photojournalists transport you virtually. |
| Dance: Diplo, the popular D.J. and record producer, is streaming music and memes to thousands online — and he intends to keep the party going. What else is he going to do? | Dance: Diplo, the popular D.J. and record producer, is streaming music and memes to thousands online — and he intends to keep the party going. What else is he going to do? |
| What we’re reading: This essay in The Paris Review about solitude and writing. “Toward the end of his life, Jean-Jacques Rousseau sought to absent himself from society,” writes Kathleen Flynn, an editor on our Upshot team. “Gavin McCrea, one of my favorite novelists, looks at how this experiment went wrong, and yet succeeded magnificently.” | What we’re reading: This essay in The Paris Review about solitude and writing. “Toward the end of his life, Jean-Jacques Rousseau sought to absent himself from society,” writes Kathleen Flynn, an editor on our Upshot team. “Gavin McCrea, one of my favorite novelists, looks at how this experiment went wrong, and yet succeeded magnificently.” |
| Cook: It’s the combination of herbs, chile, lime juice and fish sauce that make the Thai dish larb so appealing. You can use chopped-up mushrooms, vegan meat or even chopped fish fillets in place of ground meat. | Cook: It’s the combination of herbs, chile, lime juice and fish sauce that make the Thai dish larb so appealing. You can use chopped-up mushrooms, vegan meat or even chopped fish fillets in place of ground meat. |
| Watch: If you’ve finished “Unorthodox” and are looking for a new show, our television critic Margaret Lyons has ideas. We’ve also ranked the best movies on Netflix right now. (Speaking of which, it can be confusing to figure out which streaming service you really want. We’re on the case.) | Watch: If you’ve finished “Unorthodox” and are looking for a new show, our television critic Margaret Lyons has ideas. We’ve also ranked the best movies on Netflix right now. (Speaking of which, it can be confusing to figure out which streaming service you really want. We’re on the case.) |
| Cope: Take a virtual walk down Park Avenue in New York City with Michael Kimmelman, our architecture critic. Then make a posy, because flowers are beautiful and bring joy. (To start at the beginning of the process, here’s how to build a garden bed.) | Cope: Take a virtual walk down Park Avenue in New York City with Michael Kimmelman, our architecture critic. Then make a posy, because flowers are beautiful and bring joy. (To start at the beginning of the process, here’s how to build a garden bed.) |
| At Home has our full collection of ideas on what to read, cook, watch, and do while staying safe at home. | At Home has our full collection of ideas on what to read, cook, watch, and do while staying safe at home. |
| Until a vaccine or some other treatment is found, maintaining distance between people is among the best tools to limit the spread of the coronavirus. The idea is quite literally medieval, but the modern form owes a lot to former President George W. Bush, some dedicated researchers and a 14-year-old girl’s science project. | Until a vaccine or some other treatment is found, maintaining distance between people is among the best tools to limit the spread of the coronavirus. The idea is quite literally medieval, but the modern form owes a lot to former President George W. Bush, some dedicated researchers and a 14-year-old girl’s science project. |
| We spoke with Eric Lipton, our investigative reporter, who wrote about how the policy on social distancing came about in the U.S. | We spoke with Eric Lipton, our investigative reporter, who wrote about how the policy on social distancing came about in the U.S. |
| What was the genesis of this story? | What was the genesis of this story? |
| I worked on an earlier article about the failures of the Trump administration’s response. And I was communicating with a bunch of the scientists raising early alarms on what we know as the Red Dawn emails. In the process of getting to know some of them, I learned about the Bush administration’s urgent focus on the probability of a pandemic. | I worked on an earlier article about the failures of the Trump administration’s response. And I was communicating with a bunch of the scientists raising early alarms on what we know as the Red Dawn emails. In the process of getting to know some of them, I learned about the Bush administration’s urgent focus on the probability of a pandemic. |
| What were the lessons from the 1918 flu? | What were the lessons from the 1918 flu? |
| Different teams of researchers compared the toll in St. Louis — which moved relatively quickly to close schools, churches, theaters, saloons, sporting events and other public gathering spots — to the toll in Philadelphia. That city went ahead in September 1918 with a long-planned parade to promote war bonds that drew hundreds of thousands of spectators. The difference showed in the death tolls. “Timing matters,” said one researcher. | Different teams of researchers compared the toll in St. Louis — which moved relatively quickly to close schools, churches, theaters, saloons, sporting events and other public gathering spots — to the toll in Philadelphia. That city went ahead in September 1918 with a long-planned parade to promote war bonds that drew hundreds of thousands of spectators. The difference showed in the death tolls. “Timing matters,” said one researcher. |
| How did a 14-year-old girl’s science project play into this history? | How did a 14-year-old girl’s science project play into this history? |
| She was fascinated by social networks and how they worked. And her dad was this super-advanced scientist in New Mexico. She did a class project in which she built a computer model of social networks at her Albuquerque high school. Her dad piggybacked on her work, and together they looked at what effect breaking up school networks would have on knocking down a contagious disease. | She was fascinated by social networks and how they worked. And her dad was this super-advanced scientist in New Mexico. She did a class project in which she built a computer model of social networks at her Albuquerque high school. Her dad piggybacked on her work, and together they looked at what effect breaking up school networks would have on knocking down a contagious disease. |
| The outcome was startling. By closing the schools in a hypothetical town of 10,000 people, only 500 people got sick. If they remained open, half of the population would be infected. | The outcome was startling. By closing the schools in a hypothetical town of 10,000 people, only 500 people got sick. If they remained open, half of the population would be infected. |
| That’s it for this briefing. See you next time. | That’s it for this briefing. See you next time. |
| — Isabella | — Isabella |
| Thank youTo Melissa Clark for the recipe, and to Theodore Kim and Jahaan Singh for the rest of the break from the news. Andrea Kannapell, our Briefings editor, wrote today’s Back Story. You can reach the team at briefing@nytimes.com. | Thank youTo Melissa Clark for the recipe, and to Theodore Kim and Jahaan Singh for the rest of the break from the news. Andrea Kannapell, our Briefings editor, wrote today’s Back Story. You can reach the team at briefing@nytimes.com. |
| P.S.• We’re listening to “The Daily.” Our latest episode is about the oil surplus during the coronavirus pandemic.• Here’s today’s Mini Crossword puzzle, and a clue: Starter of a Zoom meeting (four letters). You can find all our puzzles here.• The Times and Verizon are giving every high school in the U.S. free access to Times journalism through July 6. | P.S.• We’re listening to “The Daily.” Our latest episode is about the oil surplus during the coronavirus pandemic.• Here’s today’s Mini Crossword puzzle, and a clue: Starter of a Zoom meeting (four letters). You can find all our puzzles here.• The Times and Verizon are giving every high school in the U.S. free access to Times journalism through July 6. |