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As States Reopen, Governors Balance Existing Risks With New Ones As States Reopen, Governors Balance Existing Risks With New Ones
(3 days later)
The pain of the coronavirus shutdown, in terms of wrecked economies and shattered lives, has been unmistakable. Now, governors across the country are contemplating the risks of reopening, particularly if it produces a surge of new cases and deaths.The pain of the coronavirus shutdown, in terms of wrecked economies and shattered lives, has been unmistakable. Now, governors across the country are contemplating the risks of reopening, particularly if it produces a surge of new cases and deaths.
“This is really the most crucial time, and the most dangerous time,” Gov. Mike DeWine of Ohio, a Republican, said on the CNN program “State of the Union” on Sunday. “All of this is a work in progress. We thought it was a huge risk not to open. But we also know it’s a huge risk in opening.”“This is really the most crucial time, and the most dangerous time,” Gov. Mike DeWine of Ohio, a Republican, said on the CNN program “State of the Union” on Sunday. “All of this is a work in progress. We thought it was a huge risk not to open. But we also know it’s a huge risk in opening.”
State officials said that pressure was building to revive commerce and to chart a path for states to stagger back toward a semblance of normalcy, and some were already discussing plans for starting school in the fall.State officials said that pressure was building to revive commerce and to chart a path for states to stagger back toward a semblance of normalcy, and some were already discussing plans for starting school in the fall.
The push to reopen has been fueled by swelling frustration, as unemployment soars, businesses declare bankruptcy or announce they cannot survive the shutdowns, and fears intensify about enduring economic devastation. Some businesses have even reopened in defiance of state orders. One salon owner in Salem, Ore., incurred $14,000 in fines for violating a stay-at-home order.The push to reopen has been fueled by swelling frustration, as unemployment soars, businesses declare bankruptcy or announce they cannot survive the shutdowns, and fears intensify about enduring economic devastation. Some businesses have even reopened in defiance of state orders. One salon owner in Salem, Ore., incurred $14,000 in fines for violating a stay-at-home order.
[Read more: All 50 states are now reopening. But at what cost?][Read more: All 50 states are now reopening. But at what cost?]
Gov. Gavin Newsom of California, a Democrat, said on CNN, “I deeply understand the stress and anxiety that people have, that entire dreams have been torn asunder because of the shutdowns, their savings account depleted and their credit ratings destroyed.”Gov. Gavin Newsom of California, a Democrat, said on CNN, “I deeply understand the stress and anxiety that people have, that entire dreams have been torn asunder because of the shutdowns, their savings account depleted and their credit ratings destroyed.”
“The question is,” he added, “how do you toggle back and make meaningful modifications to the stay-at-home order?”“The question is,” he added, “how do you toggle back and make meaningful modifications to the stay-at-home order?”
But governors also acknowledged concerns about a fresh resurgence of the coronavirus, and they are haunted by images of restaurants and stores packed with patrons with uncovered faces.But governors also acknowledged concerns about a fresh resurgence of the coronavirus, and they are haunted by images of restaurants and stores packed with patrons with uncovered faces.
“This is a virus we’re still learning a lot about,” Mr. DeWine said. “We don’t know a great deal about it. We know more today than we did two months ago, three months ago.”“This is a virus we’re still learning a lot about,” Mr. DeWine said. “We don’t know a great deal about it. We know more today than we did two months ago, three months ago.”
The response to the coronavirus has been defined by the balance between trying to curb the virus’s spread and trying to minimize the economic harm. In much of the country, the pendulum has swung toward favoring the economy.The response to the coronavirus has been defined by the balance between trying to curb the virus’s spread and trying to minimize the economic harm. In much of the country, the pendulum has swung toward favoring the economy.
The shift has come as the national figures for reported new cases of the virus have declined in recent weeks, and as more states have allowed a wider array of businesses to return to operation. More than two-thirds of states have relaxed restrictions significantly. California, New York and Washington are among those partially reopening on a regional basis. Illinois, Michigan and New Jersey remain fully shut down.The shift has come as the national figures for reported new cases of the virus have declined in recent weeks, and as more states have allowed a wider array of businesses to return to operation. More than two-thirds of states have relaxed restrictions significantly. California, New York and Washington are among those partially reopening on a regional basis. Illinois, Michigan and New Jersey remain fully shut down.
As of Friday, daily counts of new cases were decreasing in 19 states and increasing in three, while staying mostly the same in the rest, according to a database maintained by The New York Times.As of Friday, daily counts of new cases were decreasing in 19 states and increasing in three, while staying mostly the same in the rest, according to a database maintained by The New York Times.
In an appearance on the CBS program “Face the Nation,” Alex M. Azar II, the health and human services secretary, challenged the framing of the debate as a balance between health and economic concerns.In an appearance on the CBS program “Face the Nation,” Alex M. Azar II, the health and human services secretary, challenged the framing of the debate as a balance between health and economic concerns.
“It’s actually health versus health,” he said, taking note of the mental health fallout as well as the reduction in cardiac procedures, cancer screenings and vaccinations for children during the pandemic. “There is a real, a very real health consequence to these shutdowns that must be balanced against as we try to reopen this economy and move forward.”“It’s actually health versus health,” he said, taking note of the mental health fallout as well as the reduction in cardiac procedures, cancer screenings and vaccinations for children during the pandemic. “There is a real, a very real health consequence to these shutdowns that must be balanced against as we try to reopen this economy and move forward.”
Still, public health experts expect reopening to bring about increases in the numbers of coronavirus cases. On Saturday, Texas reported its largest singe-day spike during the pandemic, with 1,815 diagnoses. Officials attributed it to an outbreak in the Texas Panhandle and to increased testing. Gov. Greg Abbott, a Republican, let his stay-at-home order expire on April 30 and permitted retail stores, restaurants and other businesses to reopen this month.Still, public health experts expect reopening to bring about increases in the numbers of coronavirus cases. On Saturday, Texas reported its largest singe-day spike during the pandemic, with 1,815 diagnoses. Officials attributed it to an outbreak in the Texas Panhandle and to increased testing. Gov. Greg Abbott, a Republican, let his stay-at-home order expire on April 30 and permitted retail stores, restaurants and other businesses to reopen this month.
Governors contend that they are better prepared now for possible increases in cases, with more testing capacity and stockpiles of protective equipment. Officials have also said that they can respond in a more focused way, zeroing in on hard-hit areas.Governors contend that they are better prepared now for possible increases in cases, with more testing capacity and stockpiles of protective equipment. Officials have also said that they can respond in a more focused way, zeroing in on hard-hit areas.
In Mississippi, Gov. Tate Reeves moved last week to ease his “safer-at-home” order to allow the reopening of tattoo parlors and to lift a ban on fishing tournaments, while also adding restrictions in seven counties that had an unusually high rate of cases per capita.In Mississippi, Gov. Tate Reeves moved last week to ease his “safer-at-home” order to allow the reopening of tattoo parlors and to lift a ban on fishing tournaments, while also adding restrictions in seven counties that had an unusually high rate of cases per capita.
“The next phase,” Mr. Reeves, a Republican, said in a recent news conference, “is to take a surgical approach, rather than a sledgehammer, to this disease.”“The next phase,” Mr. Reeves, a Republican, said in a recent news conference, “is to take a surgical approach, rather than a sledgehammer, to this disease.”
Each official move sets off dominoes of decisions for business owners, who are weighing whether to reopen, and for residents, who are unsure if they should venture out. And that has directed more attention to the figures for new cases and deaths that are reported by state officials.Each official move sets off dominoes of decisions for business owners, who are weighing whether to reopen, and for residents, who are unsure if they should venture out. And that has directed more attention to the figures for new cases and deaths that are reported by state officials.
In Colorado, some were raising concerns after officials there changed the way the state reports its figures. On Friday, they began drawing a distinction between “deaths among Covid-19 cases” and “deaths due to Covid-19,” the disease caused by the coronavirus.In Colorado, some were raising concerns after officials there changed the way the state reports its figures. On Friday, they began drawing a distinction between “deaths among Covid-19 cases” and “deaths due to Covid-19,” the disease caused by the coronavirus.
Before then, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment had been including anyone who had Covid-19 at the time of death in the official total, a practice consistent with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s counting criteria. By that reckoning, Colorado had 1,192 deaths as of Friday.Before then, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment had been including anyone who had Covid-19 at the time of death in the official total, a practice consistent with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s counting criteria. By that reckoning, Colorado had 1,192 deaths as of Friday.
But the state said it would henceforth also report a second figure — for deaths in which the disease is considered the sole cause, with no other complicating factors — that was significantly lower: 892.But the state said it would henceforth also report a second figure — for deaths in which the disease is considered the sole cause, with no other complicating factors — that was significantly lower: 892.
Gov. Jared Polis, a Democrat, defended the change on Sunday.Gov. Jared Polis, a Democrat, defended the change on Sunday.
“The C.D.C. criteria include anybody who died with Covid-19,” he said on Fox News. “What the people of Colorado and the people of the country want to know is how many people died of Covid-19.”“The C.D.C. criteria include anybody who died with Covid-19,” he said on Fox News. “What the people of Colorado and the people of the country want to know is how many people died of Covid-19.”
Health experts have warned for weeks that inconsistent reporting protocols and insufficient testing have led to an undercounting of coronavirus deaths nationally. Alabama and North Dakota have both experimented with death counts similar to Colorado’s new tally, while continuing to also report the C.D.C.’s way.Health experts have warned for weeks that inconsistent reporting protocols and insufficient testing have led to an undercounting of coronavirus deaths nationally. Alabama and North Dakota have both experimented with death counts similar to Colorado’s new tally, while continuing to also report the C.D.C.’s way.
Updated June 5, 2020 Updated June 12, 2020
Touching contaminated objects and then infecting ourselves with the germs is not typically how the virus spreads. But it can happen. A number of studies of flu, rhinovirus, coronavirus and other microbes have shown that respiratory illnesses, including the new coronavirus, can spread by touching contaminated surfaces, particularly in places like day care centers, offices and hospitals. But a long chain of events has to happen for the disease to spread that way. The best way to protect yourself from coronavirus — whether it’s surface transmission or close human contact — is still social distancing, washing your hands, not touching your face and wearing masks.
So far, the evidence seems to show it does. A widely cited paper published in April suggests that people are most infectious about two days before the onset of coronavirus symptoms and estimated that 44 percent of new infections were a result of transmission from people who were not yet showing symptoms. Recently, a top expert at the World Health Organization stated that transmission of the coronavirus by people who did not have symptoms was “very rare,” but she later walked back that statement.So far, the evidence seems to show it does. A widely cited paper published in April suggests that people are most infectious about two days before the onset of coronavirus symptoms and estimated that 44 percent of new infections were a result of transmission from people who were not yet showing symptoms. Recently, a top expert at the World Health Organization stated that transmission of the coronavirus by people who did not have symptoms was “very rare,” but she later walked back that statement.
A study by European scientists is the first to document a strong statistical link between genetic variations and Covid-19, the illness caused by the coronavirus. Having Type A blood was linked to a 50 percent increase in the likelihood that a patient would need to get oxygen or to go on a ventilator, according to the new study.A study by European scientists is the first to document a strong statistical link between genetic variations and Covid-19, the illness caused by the coronavirus. Having Type A blood was linked to a 50 percent increase in the likelihood that a patient would need to get oxygen or to go on a ventilator, according to the new study.
The unemployment rate fell to 13.3 percent in May, the Labor Department said on June 5, an unexpected improvement in the nation’s job market as hiring rebounded faster than economists expected. Economists had forecast the unemployment rate to increase to as much as 20 percent, after it hit 14.7 percent in April, which was the highest since the government began keeping official statistics after World War II. But the unemployment rate dipped instead, with employers adding 2.5 million jobs, after more than 20 million jobs were lost in April.The unemployment rate fell to 13.3 percent in May, the Labor Department said on June 5, an unexpected improvement in the nation’s job market as hiring rebounded faster than economists expected. Economists had forecast the unemployment rate to increase to as much as 20 percent, after it hit 14.7 percent in April, which was the highest since the government began keeping official statistics after World War II. But the unemployment rate dipped instead, with employers adding 2.5 million jobs, after more than 20 million jobs were lost in April.
Mass protests against police brutality that have brought thousands of people onto the streets in cities across America are raising the specter of new coronavirus outbreaks, prompting political leaders, physicians and public health experts to warn that the crowds could cause a surge in cases. While many political leaders affirmed the right of protesters to express themselves, they urged the demonstrators to wear face masks and maintain social distancing, both to protect themselves and to prevent further community spread of the virus. Some infectious disease experts were reassured by the fact that the protests were held outdoors, saying the open air settings could mitigate the risk of transmission.Mass protests against police brutality that have brought thousands of people onto the streets in cities across America are raising the specter of new coronavirus outbreaks, prompting political leaders, physicians and public health experts to warn that the crowds could cause a surge in cases. While many political leaders affirmed the right of protesters to express themselves, they urged the demonstrators to wear face masks and maintain social distancing, both to protect themselves and to prevent further community spread of the virus. Some infectious disease experts were reassured by the fact that the protests were held outdoors, saying the open air settings could mitigate the risk of transmission.
Exercise researchers and physicians have some blunt advice for those of us aiming to return to regular exercise now: Start slowly and then rev up your workouts, also slowly. American adults tended to be about 12 percent less active after the stay-at-home mandates began in March than they were in January. But there are steps you can take to ease your way back into regular exercise safely. First, “start at no more than 50 percent of the exercise you were doing before Covid,” says Dr. Monica Rho, the chief of musculoskeletal medicine at the Shirley Ryan AbilityLab in Chicago. Thread in some preparatory squats, too, she advises. “When you haven’t been exercising, you lose muscle mass.” Expect some muscle twinges after these preliminary, post-lockdown sessions, especially a day or two later. But sudden or increasing pain during exercise is a clarion call to stop and return home.Exercise researchers and physicians have some blunt advice for those of us aiming to return to regular exercise now: Start slowly and then rev up your workouts, also slowly. American adults tended to be about 12 percent less active after the stay-at-home mandates began in March than they were in January. But there are steps you can take to ease your way back into regular exercise safely. First, “start at no more than 50 percent of the exercise you were doing before Covid,” says Dr. Monica Rho, the chief of musculoskeletal medicine at the Shirley Ryan AbilityLab in Chicago. Thread in some preparatory squats, too, she advises. “When you haven’t been exercising, you lose muscle mass.” Expect some muscle twinges after these preliminary, post-lockdown sessions, especially a day or two later. But sudden or increasing pain during exercise is a clarion call to stop and return home.
States are reopening bit by bit. This means that more public spaces are available for use and more and more businesses are being allowed to open again. The federal government is largely leaving the decision up to states, and some state leaders are leaving the decision up to local authorities. Even if you aren’t being told to stay at home, it’s still a good idea to limit trips outside and your interaction with other people.States are reopening bit by bit. This means that more public spaces are available for use and more and more businesses are being allowed to open again. The federal government is largely leaving the decision up to states, and some state leaders are leaving the decision up to local authorities. Even if you aren’t being told to stay at home, it’s still a good idea to limit trips outside and your interaction with other people.
Touching contaminated objects and then infecting ourselves with the germs is not typically how the virus spreads. But it can happen. A number of studies of flu, rhinovirus, coronavirus and other microbes have shown that respiratory illnesses, including the new coronavirus, can spread by touching contaminated surfaces, particularly in places like day care centers, offices and hospitals. But a long chain of events has to happen for the disease to spread that way. The best way to protect yourself from coronavirus — whether it’s surface transmission or close human contact — is still social distancing, washing your hands, not touching your face and wearing masks.
Common symptoms include fever, a dry cough, fatigue and difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. Some of these symptoms overlap with those of the flu, making detection difficult, but runny noses and stuffy sinuses are less common. The C.D.C. has also added chills, muscle pain, sore throat, headache and a new loss of the sense of taste or smell as symptoms to look out for. Most people fall ill five to seven days after exposure, but symptoms may appear in as few as two days or as many as 14 days.Common symptoms include fever, a dry cough, fatigue and difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. Some of these symptoms overlap with those of the flu, making detection difficult, but runny noses and stuffy sinuses are less common. The C.D.C. has also added chills, muscle pain, sore throat, headache and a new loss of the sense of taste or smell as symptoms to look out for. Most people fall ill five to seven days after exposure, but symptoms may appear in as few as two days or as many as 14 days.
If air travel is unavoidable, there are some steps you can take to protect yourself. Most important: Wash your hands often, and stop touching your face. If possible, choose a window seat. A study from Emory University found that during flu season, the safest place to sit on a plane is by a window, as people sitting in window seats had less contact with potentially sick people. Disinfect hard surfaces. When you get to your seat and your hands are clean, use disinfecting wipes to clean the hard surfaces at your seat like the head and arm rest, the seatbelt buckle, the remote, screen, seat back pocket and the tray table. If the seat is hard and nonporous or leather or pleather, you can wipe that down, too. (Using wipes on upholstered seats could lead to a wet seat and spreading of germs rather than killing them.)If air travel is unavoidable, there are some steps you can take to protect yourself. Most important: Wash your hands often, and stop touching your face. If possible, choose a window seat. A study from Emory University found that during flu season, the safest place to sit on a plane is by a window, as people sitting in window seats had less contact with potentially sick people. Disinfect hard surfaces. When you get to your seat and your hands are clean, use disinfecting wipes to clean the hard surfaces at your seat like the head and arm rest, the seatbelt buckle, the remote, screen, seat back pocket and the tray table. If the seat is hard and nonporous or leather or pleather, you can wipe that down, too. (Using wipes on upholstered seats could lead to a wet seat and spreading of germs rather than killing them.)
Taking one’s temperature to look for signs of fever is not as easy as it sounds, as “normal” temperature numbers can vary, but generally, keep an eye out for a temperature of 100.5 degrees Fahrenheit or higher. If you don’t have a thermometer (they can be pricey these days), there are other ways to figure out if you have a fever, or are at risk of Covid-19 complications.Taking one’s temperature to look for signs of fever is not as easy as it sounds, as “normal” temperature numbers can vary, but generally, keep an eye out for a temperature of 100.5 degrees Fahrenheit or higher. If you don’t have a thermometer (they can be pricey these days), there are other ways to figure out if you have a fever, or are at risk of Covid-19 complications.
The C.D.C. has recommended that all Americans wear cloth masks if they go out in public. This is a shift in federal guidance reflecting new concerns that the coronavirus is being spread by infected people who have no symptoms. Until now, the C.D.C., like the W.H.O., has advised that ordinary people don’t need to wear masks unless they are sick and coughing. Part of the reason was to preserve medical-grade masks for health care workers who desperately need them at a time when they are in continuously short supply. Masks don’t replace hand washing and social distancing.The C.D.C. has recommended that all Americans wear cloth masks if they go out in public. This is a shift in federal guidance reflecting new concerns that the coronavirus is being spread by infected people who have no symptoms. Until now, the C.D.C., like the W.H.O., has advised that ordinary people don’t need to wear masks unless they are sick and coughing. Part of the reason was to preserve medical-grade masks for health care workers who desperately need them at a time when they are in continuously short supply. Masks don’t replace hand washing and social distancing.
If you’ve been exposed to the coronavirus or think you have, and have a fever or symptoms like a cough or difficulty breathing, call a doctor. They should give you advice on whether you should be tested, how to get tested, and how to seek medical treatment without potentially infecting or exposing others.If you’ve been exposed to the coronavirus or think you have, and have a fever or symptoms like a cough or difficulty breathing, call a doctor. They should give you advice on whether you should be tested, how to get tested, and how to seek medical treatment without potentially infecting or exposing others.
If you’re sick and you think you’ve been exposed to the new coronavirus, the C.D.C. recommends that you call your healthcare provider and explain your symptoms and fears. They will decide if you need to be tested. Keep in mind that there’s a chance — because of a lack of testing kits or because you’re asymptomatic, for instance — you won’t be able to get tested.If you’re sick and you think you’ve been exposed to the new coronavirus, the C.D.C. recommends that you call your healthcare provider and explain your symptoms and fears. They will decide if you need to be tested. Keep in mind that there’s a chance — because of a lack of testing kits or because you’re asymptomatic, for instance — you won’t be able to get tested.
“We wanted to make sure we reported it out in a better way, to inspire confidence, so it wouldn’t be politicized,” Mr. Polis said.“We wanted to make sure we reported it out in a better way, to inspire confidence, so it wouldn’t be politicized,” Mr. Polis said.
In some places, businesses, houses of worship and other organizations are refusing to reopen just yet. Several dozen pastors and faith leaders in Charlotte, N.C., declared they would not resume in-person services, even though a federal judge ruled on Thursday that such services could be held.In some places, businesses, houses of worship and other organizations are refusing to reopen just yet. Several dozen pastors and faith leaders in Charlotte, N.C., declared they would not resume in-person services, even though a federal judge ruled on Thursday that such services could be held.
Missouri was among the states pressing ahead with reopening. Gov. Michael L. Parson, a Republican, began allowing an array of businesses to resume operating beginning on May 4, and the city of St. Louis is allowing more businesses, including bars, to reopen on Monday.Missouri was among the states pressing ahead with reopening. Gov. Michael L. Parson, a Republican, began allowing an array of businesses to resume operating beginning on May 4, and the city of St. Louis is allowing more businesses, including bars, to reopen on Monday.
Even so, some businesses in the state have expressed frustration over rules that can vary from city to city.Even so, some businesses in the state have expressed frustration over rules that can vary from city to city.
Parrish Lamb, who oversees 14 Missouri locations of a chain of boutique fitness studios, said his business had to untangle a hodgepodge of regulations. “There are nine locations that we have here in St. Louis County that we really haven’t been given any information on,” he said, “other than just an indefinite closure for the time being.”Parrish Lamb, who oversees 14 Missouri locations of a chain of boutique fitness studios, said his business had to untangle a hodgepodge of regulations. “There are nine locations that we have here in St. Louis County that we really haven’t been given any information on,” he said, “other than just an indefinite closure for the time being.”
The chain he works for, Orangetheory, opened four of its studios in the region this month, and he said that many regular customers were eager to return. “There’s a pent-up demand for people wanting to get back at it,” Mr. Lamb said.The chain he works for, Orangetheory, opened four of its studios in the region this month, and he said that many regular customers were eager to return. “There’s a pent-up demand for people wanting to get back at it,” Mr. Lamb said.
Business owners said that, in a way, they also confront the same problem that governors do: the need to restore their livelihood comes with an increased threat for themselves and their workers.Business owners said that, in a way, they also confront the same problem that governors do: the need to restore their livelihood comes with an increased threat for themselves and their workers.
Businesses have increased sanitation protocols and mandated social distancing and temperature checks. They are also giving masks and gloves to employees. At Mr. Lamb’s gyms, some amenities have not been restored, like showers, which could spread the virus.Businesses have increased sanitation protocols and mandated social distancing and temperature checks. They are also giving masks and gloves to employees. At Mr. Lamb’s gyms, some amenities have not been restored, like showers, which could spread the virus.
At Valenti’s Delicatessen and Marketplace in St. Charles, Mo., an egg timer rings every 15 minutes. It’s a signal that the deli’s eight staff members must, no matter what, wash their hands.At Valenti’s Delicatessen and Marketplace in St. Charles, Mo., an egg timer rings every 15 minutes. It’s a signal that the deli’s eight staff members must, no matter what, wash their hands.
Joe Ancmon, the owner of Valenti’s, said his business had to adapt swiftly to stay alive, including, despite some hesitation, signing up with delivery apps and getting new permits for the parking spots needed to offer carryout service. “We’ve been adjusting on the fly,” he said.Joe Ancmon, the owner of Valenti’s, said his business had to adapt swiftly to stay alive, including, despite some hesitation, signing up with delivery apps and getting new permits for the parking spots needed to offer carryout service. “We’ve been adjusting on the fly,” he said.
The deli had to adjust once again for the return of customers to the store, which was allowed in St. Charles, a city of roughly 65,000 people on the Missouri River. There are tape markers on the floor showing customers how far apart to stay, and seating capacity, usually 49, has been reduced by about 75 percent.The deli had to adjust once again for the return of customers to the store, which was allowed in St. Charles, a city of roughly 65,000 people on the Missouri River. There are tape markers on the floor showing customers how far apart to stay, and seating capacity, usually 49, has been reduced by about 75 percent.
To Mr. Ancmon’s relief, the customers have come.To Mr. Ancmon’s relief, the customers have come.
“We’re just a small little New York-style deli,” he said, “and people were calling this morning and saying, ‘Hey, can I reserve a table for two?’”“We’re just a small little New York-style deli,” he said, “and people were calling this morning and saying, ‘Hey, can I reserve a table for two?’”
Rebecca Halleck contributed reporting.Rebecca Halleck contributed reporting.