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UK and Australia in first post-Brexit trade deal UK and Australia in first post-Brexit trade deal
(about 2 hours later)
Boris Johnson and Scott Morrison agreed the broad terms of the deal over dinner on MondayBoris Johnson and Scott Morrison agreed the broad terms of the deal over dinner on Monday
A trade deal between the UK and Australia has been agreed between Prime Minister Boris Johnson and his counterpart, Scott Morrison.A trade deal between the UK and Australia has been agreed between Prime Minister Boris Johnson and his counterpart, Scott Morrison.
Downing Street said the new pact meant British products such as cars, Scotch whisky, biscuits and ceramics would be cheaper to sell to Australia.Downing Street said the new pact meant British products such as cars, Scotch whisky, biscuits and ceramics would be cheaper to sell to Australia.
However, there has been concern from UK farmers worried they may be undercut on price and standards.However, there has been concern from UK farmers worried they may be undercut on price and standards.
The deal is the first to be built from scratch since the UK left the EU.The deal is the first to be built from scratch since the UK left the EU.
It is seen as an important step towards the UK joining a wider Asia Pacific free-trade agreement.It is seen as an important step towards the UK joining a wider Asia Pacific free-trade agreement.
Boris Johnson said in a statement: "Our new free trade agreement opens fantastic opportunities for British businesses and consumers, as well as young people wanting the chance to work and live on the other side of the world."Boris Johnson said in a statement: "Our new free trade agreement opens fantastic opportunities for British businesses and consumers, as well as young people wanting the chance to work and live on the other side of the world."
NFU president Minette Batters has warned farmers would struggle if the wrong deal is struck However, Dominic Goudie, head of international trade at the Food and Drink Federation, expressed concern about the lack of detail.
But the newly formed cross-party UK Trade and Business Commission reacted with alarm to the deal, which it says has not been properly seen nor examined by parliament.
"The prime minister has just spent the weekend arguing with our closest allies about a treaty that he pushed through parliament with limited scrutiny," said Labour's Hilary Benn, who chairs the commission.
"This highlights the risks of rushing through deals for short-term political gain while failing to understand the long-term consequences."
Dominic Goudie, head of international trade at the Food and Drink Federation, welcomed the deal, but also expressed concern about the lack of detail.
"It is now vital that we know the detail of what has been agreed to help businesses understand and begin to prepare for the new terms of trade," he said."It is now vital that we know the detail of what has been agreed to help businesses understand and begin to prepare for the new terms of trade," he said.
"The terms must also ensure that consumers have continued confidence that any agreement maintains the highest food safety and animal welfare standards.""The terms must also ensure that consumers have continued confidence that any agreement maintains the highest food safety and animal welfare standards."
The UK government has signed a long list of trade deals over the past year, but they have been rollovers of those the UK already had as part of the EU. NFU president Minette Batters has warned farmers would struggle if the wrong deal is struck
The new deal could allow the UK to eventually join a wider Asia Pacific free-trade agreement, the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), which the government says could provide British farmers with huge opportunities. National Farmers' Union president President Minette Batters said: "While the government has previously been keen to highlight how our free trade agreements will uphold our high standards of food production, there has always been a question mark over how this can be achieved while opening up our markets to food produced to different standards.
How many trade deals has the UK done? "We will need to know more about any provisions on animal welfare and the environment to ensure our high standards of production are not undermined by the terms of this deal."
Why is an Australia trade deal controversial? 'We don't have enough beef to flood the UK market'
'Safeguards' promise over UK-Australia trade deal
Farmers' opposition to UK-Australia trade deal grows
Food and drink sector criticise Australia trade deal
Under the deal with Australia, the government says farmers will be protected by a cap on tariff-free imports for 15 years, using tariff rate quotas and other safeguards.Under the deal with Australia, the government says farmers will be protected by a cap on tariff-free imports for 15 years, using tariff rate quotas and other safeguards.
But some UK farmers have concerns there will be no meaningful safeguards in place to stop them being undercut by cheap imports.But some UK farmers have concerns there will be no meaningful safeguards in place to stop them being undercut by cheap imports.
'We don't have enough beef to flood the UK market'
Farmers in Australia are allowed to use some hormone growth promoters, pesticides, and feed additives that are banned in the UK.Farmers in Australia are allowed to use some hormone growth promoters, pesticides, and feed additives that are banned in the UK.
The UK Trade and Business Commission is worried that Australian farming operates on a scale that UK counterparts cannot compete with, saying Australia contains eight of the 10 largest farms in the world, including one which is larger than Israel.The UK Trade and Business Commission is worried that Australian farming operates on a scale that UK counterparts cannot compete with, saying Australia contains eight of the 10 largest farms in the world, including one which is larger than Israel.
According to the UK's National Farmers Union, Australian farmers are able to produce beef at a lower cost of production, and could undercut farmers in the UK.According to the UK's National Farmers Union, Australian farmers are able to produce beef at a lower cost of production, and could undercut farmers in the UK.
Ministers in Scotland have also raised worries about the farming industry being overwhelmed if the market is flooded with lower standard goods.Ministers in Scotland have also raised worries about the farming industry being overwhelmed if the market is flooded with lower standard goods.
Welsh lamb and Australian wine are said to have been on the menu as Boris Johnson and Scott Morrison settled the deal over dinner - but ultimately this deal is more significant in symbolic than economic terms.Welsh lamb and Australian wine are said to have been on the menu as Boris Johnson and Scott Morrison settled the deal over dinner - but ultimately this deal is more significant in symbolic than economic terms.
For the government's own estimates say the new arrangements may add just 0.02% to our GDP, and the impact on prices is negligible.For the government's own estimates say the new arrangements may add just 0.02% to our GDP, and the impact on prices is negligible.
But this, the first bespoke deal of the post-Brexit era, signifies global Britain's ambitions. The hope is that this paves the way for more alliances beyond the EU - starting with a group of trans-Pacific nations, the CPTPP. They only buy 8% of our exports - and we have deals already with the majority of members. But the ultimate hope is that key partners - such as the US - might also join.But this, the first bespoke deal of the post-Brexit era, signifies global Britain's ambitions. The hope is that this paves the way for more alliances beyond the EU - starting with a group of trans-Pacific nations, the CPTPP. They only buy 8% of our exports - and we have deals already with the majority of members. But the ultimate hope is that key partners - such as the US - might also join.
It also symbolises though, the sacrifices that may be needed to get deals. British farmers fear they will face more competition from Australian counterparts on their home soil. Australian farmers say they won't be flooding the market. The UK is so far away that even the 80% increase in Australian imports the government predicts equates to 0.1% of total UK imports.It also symbolises though, the sacrifices that may be needed to get deals. British farmers fear they will face more competition from Australian counterparts on their home soil. Australian farmers say they won't be flooding the market. The UK is so far away that even the 80% increase in Australian imports the government predicts equates to 0.1% of total UK imports.
It'll be a while before the detail of this deal can be publicly scrutinised - even by those who'll be affected. But the concern is that this sets a marker, that agriculture may be up for grabs when it comes to compromise in future and far bigger trade deals.It'll be a while before the detail of this deal can be publicly scrutinised - even by those who'll be affected. But the concern is that this sets a marker, that agriculture may be up for grabs when it comes to compromise in future and far bigger trade deals.
In 2019-20, trade in goods and services between Australia and the UK was valued at £20.1bn. The UK government has signed a long list of trade deals over the past year, but they have been rollovers of those the UK already had as part of the EU.
The government says the deal will boost UK industries that employ 3.5 million people across the country. The new deal could allow the UK to eventually join a wider Asia Pacific free-trade agreement, the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), which the government says could provide British farmers with huge opportunities.
How many trade deals has the UK done?
Why is an Australia trade deal controversial?
'Safeguards' promise over UK-Australia trade deal
Farmers' opposition to UK-Australia trade deal grows
Food and drink sector criticise Australia trade deal
In 2019-20, trade in goods and services between Australia and the UK was valued at £20.1bn. The government says the deal will boost UK industries that employ 3.5 million people across the country.
Metals, wine and machines have formed the biggest goods exports from Australia to the UK, while Australia's main UK imports are cars, medicines and alcoholic drinks.Metals, wine and machines have formed the biggest goods exports from Australia to the UK, while Australia's main UK imports are cars, medicines and alcoholic drinks.
Trade in meat between the two countries is small at present, with 14% of sheep meat imports to the UK coming from Australia and just 0.15% of all Australian beef exports going to the UK.Trade in meat between the two countries is small at present, with 14% of sheep meat imports to the UK coming from Australia and just 0.15% of all Australian beef exports going to the UK.
'I'd rather they sort out EU trade''I'd rather they sort out EU trade'
"A deal would be good for my exports if there's a drop in the tariffs but if we start importing more I might be faced with more competition here," says Mary Quicke, owner of Devon-based artisan cheesemaker Quicke's."A deal would be good for my exports if there's a drop in the tariffs but if we start importing more I might be faced with more competition here," says Mary Quicke, owner of Devon-based artisan cheesemaker Quicke's.
She exports about 10% of her produce to Australia, but is more concerned about Europe. "I would rather they had another look at the Brexit deal and ironed out a lot of the problems there.She exports about 10% of her produce to Australia, but is more concerned about Europe. "I would rather they had another look at the Brexit deal and ironed out a lot of the problems there.
"There's a dreadful amount of paperwork for exporting to the EU right now, it's a complete nightmare."There's a dreadful amount of paperwork for exporting to the EU right now, it's a complete nightmare.
"I want to preserve our beautiful patchwork of British farms, so I'm cautious. Our milk is produced with half the carbon footprint of milk worldwide so it's really important that we don't just create a worse environmental footprint.""I want to preserve our beautiful patchwork of British farms, so I'm cautious. Our milk is produced with half the carbon footprint of milk worldwide so it's really important that we don't just create a worse environmental footprint."
The deal marks the end of what has essentially a 50-year lock-out for Australian farmers, who have struggled to navigate Brussels' restrictions, tariffs and quotas. The deal marks the end of what has essentially been a 50-year lock-out for Australian farmers, who have struggled to navigate Brussels' restrictions, tariffs and quotas.
The president of the Australian National Farmers' Federation said it had been very difficult to break into the UK because it was "way too expensive and way too far".The president of the Australian National Farmers' Federation said it had been very difficult to break into the UK because it was "way too expensive and way too far".
Australian farmers have also been looking to diversify due to the increased tensions between Australia and China. In the past year, China has imposed tariffs and restrictions on everything from Australian beef, barley and wine, to rock lobster and coal.Australian farmers have also been looking to diversify due to the increased tensions between Australia and China. In the past year, China has imposed tariffs and restrictions on everything from Australian beef, barley and wine, to rock lobster and coal.