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| Trump Is Questioned in N.Y. Attorney General’s Lawsuit | Trump Is Questioned in N.Y. Attorney General’s Lawsuit |
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| Donald J. Trump was questioned under oath on Thursday in a civil fraud lawsuit brought by Attorney General Letitia James of New York, the latest in a series of legal predicaments entangling the former president, who also faces a separate 34-count criminal indictment unsealed last week. | |
| Ms. James’s civil case, which was filed in September and is expected to go to trial later this year, accuses Mr. Trump, his family business and three of his children of a “staggering” fraud for overvaluing the former president’s assets by billions of dollars. The lawsuit seeks $250 million that Ms. James contends the Trumps reaped through those deceptions, and asks a judge to essentially run the former president out of business in the state if he is found liable at trial. | Ms. James’s civil case, which was filed in September and is expected to go to trial later this year, accuses Mr. Trump, his family business and three of his children of a “staggering” fraud for overvaluing the former president’s assets by billions of dollars. The lawsuit seeks $250 million that Ms. James contends the Trumps reaped through those deceptions, and asks a judge to essentially run the former president out of business in the state if he is found liable at trial. |
| Mr. Trump was questioned for much of the day on Thursday — arriving at Ms. James’s office in Lower Manhattan shortly before 10 a.m. and departing just after 6 p.m. — as part of the discovery phase of the case, in preparation for the trial. | Mr. Trump was questioned for much of the day on Thursday — arriving at Ms. James’s office in Lower Manhattan shortly before 10 a.m. and departing just after 6 p.m. — as part of the discovery phase of the case, in preparation for the trial. |
| While the deposition was held in private, people with knowledge of the proceeding said that Mr. Trump answered questions without asserting his right against self-incrimination. The session was neither overly combative nor polite, they said, but Mr. Trump provided some substantive answers. | While the deposition was held in private, people with knowledge of the proceeding said that Mr. Trump answered questions without asserting his right against self-incrimination. The session was neither overly combative nor polite, they said, but Mr. Trump provided some substantive answers. |
| In a statement Thursday evening, Alina Habba, one of Mr. Trump’s lawyers, said that he had answered every question. | In a statement Thursday evening, Alina Habba, one of Mr. Trump’s lawyers, said that he had answered every question. |
| “As we have said from day one, there is no absolutely no case,” her statement said. | “As we have said from day one, there is no absolutely no case,” her statement said. |
| This is the second time that lawyers for Ms. James have questioned Mr. Trump under oath. But the first time he sat for a deposition, in the summer of 2022, Mr. Trump invoked his Fifth Amendment right hundreds of times over four hours. During that deposition, which came shortly before the attorney general filed her lawsuit, Mr. Trump lashed out at Ms. James, a Democrat, accusing her of being motivated by politics, before refusing to answer questions. | This is the second time that lawyers for Ms. James have questioned Mr. Trump under oath. But the first time he sat for a deposition, in the summer of 2022, Mr. Trump invoked his Fifth Amendment right hundreds of times over four hours. During that deposition, which came shortly before the attorney general filed her lawsuit, Mr. Trump lashed out at Ms. James, a Democrat, accusing her of being motivated by politics, before refusing to answer questions. |
| Because he was in the White House or on the campaign trail for several years — and no longer running his company — Mr. Trump might have tried to avoid direct answers to some questions from the attorney general’s lawyers. He might have said, for example, that he delegated the valuation of his assets to employees. | Because he was in the White House or on the campaign trail for several years — and no longer running his company — Mr. Trump might have tried to avoid direct answers to some questions from the attorney general’s lawyers. He might have said, for example, that he delegated the valuation of his assets to employees. |
| Mr. Trump has consistently denied wrongdoing and accused Ms. James of conducting what he has labeled “a witch hunt,” citing critical statements she has made about him over the years. Two judges have rejected arguments from Mr. Trump that Ms. James’s case is politically motivated. | Mr. Trump has consistently denied wrongdoing and accused Ms. James of conducting what he has labeled “a witch hunt,” citing critical statements she has made about him over the years. Two judges have rejected arguments from Mr. Trump that Ms. James’s case is politically motivated. |
| Ms. James was present for at least part of the deposition on Thursday, two of the people with knowledge of the proceeding said. She did not pose questions, but read an introductory statement as the morning session began. | Ms. James was present for at least part of the deposition on Thursday, two of the people with knowledge of the proceeding said. She did not pose questions, but read an introductory statement as the morning session began. |
| Mr. Trump’s decision to answer questions may reflect a legal calculation about the difference between civil trials, like the one that would stem from Ms. James’s lawsuit, and criminal trials. | Mr. Trump’s decision to answer questions may reflect a legal calculation about the difference between civil trials, like the one that would stem from Ms. James’s lawsuit, and criminal trials. |
| While jurors in criminal trials cannot hold a defendant’s silence against him, in civil trials, they are permitted to take into account a refusal to answer questions — and infer that it means that the defendant had something to hide. If Mr. Trump refused to answer questions, it could seriously damage his chance of winning at trial. | While jurors in criminal trials cannot hold a defendant’s silence against him, in civil trials, they are permitted to take into account a refusal to answer questions — and infer that it means that the defendant had something to hide. If Mr. Trump refused to answer questions, it could seriously damage his chance of winning at trial. |
| But answering questions on Thursday may have exposed Mr. Trump to additional legal peril. It can be easier to refuse to answer substantive questions altogether, than to respond to some while dodging others. | But answering questions on Thursday may have exposed Mr. Trump to additional legal peril. It can be easier to refuse to answer substantive questions altogether, than to respond to some while dodging others. |
| Whenever Mr. Trump is deposed — and he is no stranger to the experience — the greatest risk comes from him going off script. In the past, he has responded impulsively and combatively when under intense questioning, once telling a lawyer that her questions were “very stupid.” | Whenever Mr. Trump is deposed — and he is no stranger to the experience — the greatest risk comes from him going off script. In the past, he has responded impulsively and combatively when under intense questioning, once telling a lawyer that her questions were “very stupid.” |
| In a statement issued before questioning began on Thursday, his lawyer, Ms. Habba, said that “President Trump is not only willing but also eager to testify before the attorney general today,” adding that, “He remains resolute in his stance that he has nothing to conceal, and he looks forward to educating the attorney general about the immense success of his multibillion dollar company.” | In a statement issued before questioning began on Thursday, his lawyer, Ms. Habba, said that “President Trump is not only willing but also eager to testify before the attorney general today,” adding that, “He remains resolute in his stance that he has nothing to conceal, and he looks forward to educating the attorney general about the immense success of his multibillion dollar company.” |
| Ms. James might use what Mr. Trump says against him at trial and could eventually share his statements with criminal prosecutors who are also investigating him. | Ms. James might use what Mr. Trump says against him at trial and could eventually share his statements with criminal prosecutors who are also investigating him. |
| Last week, the Manhattan district attorney’s office unsealed the 34-count indictment, which accused him of having illegally covered up a hush-money payment his former fixer, Michael D. Cohen, made to a porn star during the 2016 presidential campaign. | Last week, the Manhattan district attorney’s office unsealed the 34-count indictment, which accused him of having illegally covered up a hush-money payment his former fixer, Michael D. Cohen, made to a porn star during the 2016 presidential campaign. |
| That same office, led by the district attorney, Alvin L. Bragg, has also been investigating the conduct at the heart of Ms. James’s civil case. Early last year, the district attorney’s office was marching toward an indictment of Mr. Trump for fraudulently inflating the value of his assets, but Mr. Bragg developed concerns about proving the case. | That same office, led by the district attorney, Alvin L. Bragg, has also been investigating the conduct at the heart of Ms. James’s civil case. Early last year, the district attorney’s office was marching toward an indictment of Mr. Trump for fraudulently inflating the value of his assets, but Mr. Bragg developed concerns about proving the case. |
| Still, Mr. Bragg has said that investigation is continuing. | Still, Mr. Bragg has said that investigation is continuing. |
| And he may not be the last prosecutor to indict Mr. Trump. In Georgia, the Fulton County district attorney, Fani T. Willis, is investigating his attempts to influence the results of the 2020 election in the state. And in Washington, a federally appointed special counsel is scrutinizing his efforts to overturn the election results, as well as his handling of sensitive documents. | |
| Ms. James’s lawsuit accused Mr. Trump of lying to lenders and insurers about the value of his assets, and asserted that he had violated state criminal laws, and “plausibly” federal laws, too. It detailed the way that Mr. Trump’s annual financial statements inflated the worth of nearly all of his best-known properties — including Trump Tower, 40 Wall Street in Manhattan and Mar-a-Lago in Florida — to secure better terms from the lenders and insurers. | Ms. James’s lawsuit accused Mr. Trump of lying to lenders and insurers about the value of his assets, and asserted that he had violated state criminal laws, and “plausibly” federal laws, too. It detailed the way that Mr. Trump’s annual financial statements inflated the worth of nearly all of his best-known properties — including Trump Tower, 40 Wall Street in Manhattan and Mar-a-Lago in Florida — to secure better terms from the lenders and insurers. |
| At trial, Mr. Trump’s lawyers could note that the financial statements contained disclaimers noting that the values were unaudited estimates. They might also argue that setting property values is a subjective process, more of an art than a science, and that the lenders and insurers were hardly victims. | At trial, Mr. Trump’s lawyers could note that the financial statements contained disclaimers noting that the values were unaudited estimates. They might also argue that setting property values is a subjective process, more of an art than a science, and that the lenders and insurers were hardly victims. |
| “The transactions at the center of this case were wildly profitable for the banks and for the Trump entities,” Christopher M. Kise, another lawyer for Mr. Trump, said in a statement, adding that Mr. Trump “spent nearly seven hours today describing in detail his extraordinary business success.” Mr. Kise argued that, “When the facts of this success, and not politically engineered sound bites, are out in the open, everyone will scoff at the notion any fraud took place.” | “The transactions at the center of this case were wildly profitable for the banks and for the Trump entities,” Christopher M. Kise, another lawyer for Mr. Trump, said in a statement, adding that Mr. Trump “spent nearly seven hours today describing in detail his extraordinary business success.” Mr. Kise argued that, “When the facts of this success, and not politically engineered sound bites, are out in the open, everyone will scoff at the notion any fraud took place.” |
| Mr. Trump’s company, the Trump Organization, was also named as a defendant in Ms. James’s lawsuit, as were Donald Trump Jr., Eric Trump and Ivanka Trump. In filing the lawsuit, Ms. James sought to oust the Trumps from leading their family business and to prevent the family from acquiring real estate in New York for five years. | Mr. Trump’s company, the Trump Organization, was also named as a defendant in Ms. James’s lawsuit, as were Donald Trump Jr., Eric Trump and Ivanka Trump. In filing the lawsuit, Ms. James sought to oust the Trumps from leading their family business and to prevent the family from acquiring real estate in New York for five years. |
| And at Ms. James’s request, the judge in the case, Arthur F. Engoron, appointed Barbara S. Jones, a former federal judge, as an independent monitor to oversee the Trump Organization’s use of the annual financial statements. | And at Ms. James’s request, the judge in the case, Arthur F. Engoron, appointed Barbara S. Jones, a former federal judge, as an independent monitor to oversee the Trump Organization’s use of the annual financial statements. |
| In January, Justice Engoron denied Mr. Trump’s motion to dismiss the case. He has scheduled a trial for early October. | In January, Justice Engoron denied Mr. Trump’s motion to dismiss the case. He has scheduled a trial for early October. |
| Before Mr. Trump’s arrival on Thursday, Ms. James’s looming office tower and its expansive plaza were ringed with steel barriers, as was the New York Federal Reserve building across the street. Private security officers, police officers and Secret Service agents patrolled the surrounding streets as scores of photographers, reporters and television crews gathered in a small sculpture park, set off by more barriers. | Before Mr. Trump’s arrival on Thursday, Ms. James’s looming office tower and its expansive plaza were ringed with steel barriers, as was the New York Federal Reserve building across the street. Private security officers, police officers and Secret Service agents patrolled the surrounding streets as scores of photographers, reporters and television crews gathered in a small sculpture park, set off by more barriers. |
| The former president, who spent Wednesday night at his Manhattan residence in Trump Tower, arrived at the attorney general’s office shortly before 10 a.m. As a crowd chanted “New York hates you,” Mr. Trump’s motorcade drove into the parking garage underneath the building. | The former president, who spent Wednesday night at his Manhattan residence in Trump Tower, arrived at the attorney general’s office shortly before 10 a.m. As a crowd chanted “New York hates you,” Mr. Trump’s motorcade drove into the parking garage underneath the building. |
| Kate Christobek, Sean Piccoli and Nate Schweber contributed reporting. | Kate Christobek, Sean Piccoli and Nate Schweber contributed reporting. |