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Jeane Freeman gives evidence to UK Covid inquiry No plan could have prepared Scotland for Covid - Jeane Freeman
(about 2 hours later)
Jeane Freeman has said she regrets the decision to move hospital patients to care homes without being tested when the pandemic began Former Scottish health secretary Jeane Freeman has given evidence to the UK Covid inquiry
Scotland's former health secretary is giving evidence to the UK inquiry into the handling of the pandemic. There was no plan which could have adequately prepared Scotland for the coronavirus pandemic, former health secretary Jeane Freeman has said.
Jeane Freeman is facing questions from the inquiry on how prepared the Scottish government was for the pandemic. She told the UK Covid Inquiry that health infrastructure was not equipped to handle the crisis and that PPE supplies came close to running out.
She was supposed to be have been joined by Dr Catherine Calderwood, the country's former chief medical officer. The ex-minister also said some guidance on flu outbreaks had not been acted upon by the time the pandemic began.
But Dr Calderwood, who quit after breaking her own Covid lockdown rules, will now give evidence on another day. The inquiry will hear from former first minister Nicola Sturgeon on Thursday.
The inquiry declined to provide an explanation for the late rearrangement but its agenda says that all timings for hearings are provisional and subject to change.
Nicola Sturgeon and John Swinney are expected to appear before the inquiry on Thursday.
The inquiry was set up to examine the UK's response to the virus.
What is the UK Covid inquiry and how long will it take?What is the UK Covid inquiry and how long will it take?
The UK pandemic in numbersThe UK pandemic in numbers
It will also look into the impact of the pandemic and the lessons that can be learned for future virus outbreaks, with public hearings expected to continue until 2026. Counsel to the inquiry, Kate Blackwell KC, pointed to a 2021 Audit Scotland report that found the government was inadequately prepared for the crisis and had failed to implemented recommendations from three pandemic planning exercises in 2015, 2016 and 2018.
A separate Scottish inquiry that will look specifically at the impact of the virus north of the border has been hit by delays after its original chairwoman quit for personal reasons and four members of the inquiry's legal team also stood down. Ms Freeman, who was the Scottish health secretary from 2018 to 2021, said: "There were certainly areas where Scotland could have been better prepared in terms of the underlying structure and delivery of all those recommendations.
Ms Freeman served as Scotland's health secretary between 2018 and May 2021, when she stood down as an MSP ahead of the Scottish Parliament election. "But Scotland, like other countries throughout the world, was dealing with a virus which was unknown and new.
She has previously said that the UK-wide lockdown was an "absolute necessity" in the early stages of the pandemic, but has admitted she regrets that the Scottish government discharged so many hospital patients into care homes without being tested for the virus. "So in that sense, I don't believe there is a plan that would have been possible that would have been able, in and of itself, to cope with Covid-19."
Allow Twitter content? The UK Covid inquiry is currently examining preparedness for the pandemic
This article contains content provided by Twitter. We ask for your permission before anything is loaded, as they may be using cookies and other technologies. You may want to read Twitter’s cookie policy, external and privacy policy, external before accepting. To view this content choose ‘accept and continue’. The Audit Scotland report found that Scotland's PPE stockpile was not sufficient to meet the demands of the NHS in early 2020.
She will be followed on Thursday by Ms Sturgeon and the former deputy first minister Mr Swinney, who will face questions about the preparations the Scottish government had in place for dealing with a pandemic. The inquiry heard that the issue of stockpiling, providing and fit testing PPE had been raised in three consecutive exercises, but that the Scottish government had not acted on recommendations.
Both are expected to appear before the inquiry again in the future. Ms Freeman whose video-link testimony was repeatedly interrupted due to a poor internet connection said the country had not run out of PPE, but there had "clearly" been persistent issues with distributing equipment to frontline staff.
Lawyers representing Scottish bereaved families have been calling for all of Ms Sturgeon's unredacted WhatsApp messages and other relevant materials to be provided to the inquiry. "There was sufficient PPE at the start of the pandemic," she told the inquiry.
On Tuesday, the UK's former health secretary Matt Hancock criticised the country's pandemic planning ahead of Covid, saying it was too focused on dealing with deaths rather than averting them, when he gave his first evidence to the inquiry. "Obviously there were serious challenges throughout that and although it's fair to say we came close on some occasions, we did not run out of PPE in Scotland."
About 227,000 people died in the UK with Covid listed as one of the causes on their death certificate - including more than 17,000 in Scotland - after the first cases were detected early in 2020. Ms Freeman said there was no "specific plan" to respond to any other pathogen than influenza in Scotland.
More than 44 million people were estimated to have caught the virus by February 2022. "There was certainly an understanding of different pathogens, but Covid-19 was a novel virus so its exact characteristics and how it would perform and transmit was unknown internationally and so information and clinical assessment of that was being updated regularly," she told the inquiry.
What is the Covid Inquiry? Ms Freeman said that Covid-19 has exacerbated existing operational issues in Scottish NHS - but added the health service performance was also affected by UK government spending decisions.
It is about going through what happened and learning lessons She said Downing Street's austerity policies had a direct impact on the Scottish government, which is unable to borrow money or overspend its budget.
No-one will be found guilty or innocent "Notwithstanding that the health budget and the budget for social care had increased year on year but not necessarily increased sufficiently to meet with additional demands but also with other cost pressures around pharmacy, inflation and so on."
Any recommendations made do not have to be adopted by governments The inquiry is also due to hear from Scotland's former chief medical officer, Dr Catherine Calderwood
The inquiry has no formal deadline but is due to hold public hearings until 2026 It came after a senior civil servant said planning for a potential no-deal Brexit had hampered Scotland's preparation for a pandemic.
Scotland is holding a separate inquiry in addition to the wider UK one The inquiry heard that work to enact recommendations made as a result of national resilience exercises, Silver Swan in 2015 and Cygnus in 2016, remained incomplete.
Gillian Russell, the Scottish government's director for safer communities from 2015 to 2020 and the current health workforce director, said resilience work was put on hold in October 2018 for Operation Yellowhammer – the UK government code name for preparations to deal with a chaotic no-deal exit from the EU.
She described the Brexit planning as "very, very significantly challenging" for civil servants.
Ms Russell told the inquiry: "A decision was taken that priority should be given to working through how we would mitigate the very significant risks that immediately crystallised on a no-deal Brexit."
She said some work, including around communication strategies and resilience partnerships was completed on schedule, but that much of it was side-tracked due to Brexit planning.
"That took up a huge amount of strategic capacity across many parts of Scottish government, including the resilience co-ordination of a lot of that work," the civil servant said.
Hancock denies claim he rejected care home advice
Covid hearings begin in court of public opinion
The inquiry also heard that the Scottish government Pandemic Flu Preparedness Board, set up in 2017, had met every two months until November 2018.
However, meetings became "much more sporadic" due to Yellowhammer, Ms Russell said. The board did not meet between November 2018 and June 2019, with only one further meeting taking place before the Covid crisis hit the UK in early 2020.
On Tuesday, former UK health secretary Matt Hancock told the inquiry that medicines for intensive care were "within hours" of running out at the peak of the pandemic - but said the only reason they did not run out was because of work done in 2019 in preparation for a no-deal Brexit.
Mr Hancock said civil service staff were moved off pandemic preparedness and onto Brexit but insisted, as a result, they "we were better prepared in terms of supply chains".
He added: "Who knows the overall impact and which of those balances in the scales is greater? I'm afraid it's impossible to know."
UK Covid inquiry
The inquiry was also scheduled to hear from Dr Catherine Calderwood, the country's former chief medical officer, on Wednesday.
But Dr Calderwood, who quit after breaking her own Covid lockdown rules, will now give evidence on another day.
The inquiry declined to provide an explanation for the late rearrangement but its agenda says that all timings for hearings are provisional and subject to change.
Nicola Sturgeon and John Swinney are expected to appear in hearings on Thursday.
The inquiry, led by Baroness Heather Hallett, is investigating the UK's response to the pandemic.
It will also look into the impact of the crisis and the lessons that can be learned for future virus outbreaks, with public hearings expected to continue until 2026.
A separate Scottish inquiry was delayed after its original chairwoman resigned for personal reasons and four members of the inquiry's legal team stood down.
The first module of the inquiry, which is set to run until mid-July, is looking at the UK's preparedness for pandemics in the time before Covid struck.
Related TopicsRelated Topics
Coronavirus public inquiryCoronavirus public inquiry
Coronavirus lockdown measuresCoronavirus lockdown measures
Scottish governmentScottish government
Nicola SturgeonNicola Sturgeon
NHS ScotlandNHS Scotland
Catherine CalderwoodCatherine Calderwood