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| Drop in HIV infections and deaths | Drop in HIV infections and deaths |
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| Greater access to anti-retroviral drugs has helped cut the death toll from HIV by more than 10% over the past five years, latest figures show. | Greater access to anti-retroviral drugs has helped cut the death toll from HIV by more than 10% over the past five years, latest figures show. |
| The World Health Organization and the Joint UN Programme on HIV/Aids (UNAids) say an estimated 33.4 million people worldwide are infected with HIV. | The World Health Organization and the Joint UN Programme on HIV/Aids (UNAids) say an estimated 33.4 million people worldwide are infected with HIV. |
| That figure is up from 33 million in 2007 because fewer are dying with HIV. | That figure is up from 33 million in 2007 because fewer are dying with HIV. |
| The latest report also shows there has been a significant drop in the number of new HIV infections. | The latest report also shows there has been a significant drop in the number of new HIV infections. |
| TOTAL INFECTIONS 2008 Sub-Saharan Africa: 22.4 mSouth and South-east Asia: 3.8mEast Asia: 850,000Latin America: 2.0mNorth America: 1.4mWestern and Central Europe: 850,000Eastern Europe and Central Asia: 1.5mCaribbean: 240,000Middle East and North Africa: 310,000Oceania: 59,000 | TOTAL INFECTIONS 2008 Sub-Saharan Africa: 22.4 mSouth and South-east Asia: 3.8mEast Asia: 850,000Latin America: 2.0mNorth America: 1.4mWestern and Central Europe: 850,000Eastern Europe and Central Asia: 1.5mCaribbean: 240,000Middle East and North Africa: 310,000Oceania: 59,000 |
| UNAids and WHO say better access to powerful drug treatments has helped save many lives. | UNAids and WHO say better access to powerful drug treatments has helped save many lives. |
| The report estimates that since the availability of effective treatment in 1996, some 2.9 million lives have been saved. | The report estimates that since the availability of effective treatment in 1996, some 2.9 million lives have been saved. |
| In total, almost 60 million people have been infected by HIV and 25 million people killed by causes related to the virus since the epidemic started. | In total, almost 60 million people have been infected by HIV and 25 million people killed by causes related to the virus since the epidemic started. |
| Prevention programmes | Prevention programmes |
| The report also suggests that HIV prevention programmes have had a significant impact. | The report also suggests that HIV prevention programmes have had a significant impact. |
| NEW INFECTIONS 2008 Sub-Saharan Africa: 1.9mSouth and South-east Asia: 280,000East Asia: 75,000Latin America: 170,000North America: 55,000Western and Central Europe: 30,000Eastern Europe and Central Asia: 110,000Caribbean: 20,000Middle East and North Africa: 35,000Oceania: 3,900 | NEW INFECTIONS 2008 Sub-Saharan Africa: 1.9mSouth and South-east Asia: 280,000East Asia: 75,000Latin America: 170,000North America: 55,000Western and Central Europe: 30,000Eastern Europe and Central Asia: 110,000Caribbean: 20,000Middle East and North Africa: 35,000Oceania: 3,900 |
| It says new HIV infections have been reduced by 17% over the past eight years. | It says new HIV infections have been reduced by 17% over the past eight years. |
| In sub-Saharan Africa, the epicentre of the global pandemic, the number of new infections has fallen by around 15% since 2001 - equating to about 400,000 fewer infections in 2008 alone. | In sub-Saharan Africa, the epicentre of the global pandemic, the number of new infections has fallen by around 15% since 2001 - equating to about 400,000 fewer infections in 2008 alone. |
| In the same period, infection rates were down by nearly 25% in East Asia, and by 10% in South and South East Asia. | In the same period, infection rates were down by nearly 25% in East Asia, and by 10% in South and South East Asia. |
| In Eastern Europe, after a dramatic increase in new infections among injecting drug users, the rate of infection has levelled off considerably. | In Eastern Europe, after a dramatic increase in new infections among injecting drug users, the rate of infection has levelled off considerably. |
| Director general of the World Health Organization Dr Margaret Chan said: "International and national investment in HIV treatment scale-up has yielded concrete and measurable results. | Director general of the World Health Organization Dr Margaret Chan said: "International and national investment in HIV treatment scale-up has yielded concrete and measurable results. |
| "We cannot let this momentum wane. Now is the time to redouble our efforts, and save many more lives." | "We cannot let this momentum wane. Now is the time to redouble our efforts, and save many more lives." |
| Child infections | Child infections |
| AIDS DEATHS 2008 Sub-Saharan Africa: 1.4mSouth and South-east Asia: 270,000East Asia: 59,000Latin America: 77,000North America: 25,000Western and Central Europe: 13,000Eastern Europe and Central Asia: 87,000Caribbean: 12,000Middle East and North Africa: 20,000Oceania: 2,000 | AIDS DEATHS 2008 Sub-Saharan Africa: 1.4mSouth and South-east Asia: 270,000East Asia: 59,000Latin America: 77,000North America: 25,000Western and Central Europe: 13,000Eastern Europe and Central Asia: 87,000Caribbean: 12,000Middle East and North Africa: 20,000Oceania: 2,000 |
| Anti-retroviral therapy has also made a significant impact in preventing new infections in children as more HIV-positive mothers gain access to treatment preventing them from transmitting the virus to their children. | Anti-retroviral therapy has also made a significant impact in preventing new infections in children as more HIV-positive mothers gain access to treatment preventing them from transmitting the virus to their children. |
| Around 200,000 new infections among children have been prevented since 2001. | Around 200,000 new infections among children have been prevented since 2001. |
| In Botswana, where treatment coverage is 80%, Aids-related deaths have fallen by more than 50% over the past five years and the number of children orphaned is also coming down as parents are living longer. | In Botswana, where treatment coverage is 80%, Aids-related deaths have fallen by more than 50% over the past five years and the number of children orphaned is also coming down as parents are living longer. |
| Michael Sidibe, Executive Director of UNAIDS:" We are seeing a decrease in mortality by 18%" | |
| UNAids executive director Michel Sidibe said although prevention programmes had helped cut new infections, they were often "off the mark". | UNAids executive director Michel Sidibe said although prevention programmes had helped cut new infections, they were often "off the mark". |
| "If we do a better job of getting resources and programmes to where they will make most impact, quicker progress can be made and more lives saved," he said. | "If we do a better job of getting resources and programmes to where they will make most impact, quicker progress can be made and more lives saved," he said. |