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Diabetes link to quitting smoking | Diabetes link to quitting smoking |
(about 10 hours later) | |
Giving up smoking sharply increases the risk of developing type-two diabetes, a US study suggests. | Giving up smoking sharply increases the risk of developing type-two diabetes, a US study suggests. |
Researchers found quitters had a 70% increased risk of developing type-two diabetes in the first six years without cigarettes compared with non-smokers. | Researchers found quitters had a 70% increased risk of developing type-two diabetes in the first six years without cigarettes compared with non-smokers. |
This is because they tend to put on weight. | This is because they tend to put on weight. |
However, the Annals of Internal Medicine study stressed that this should not be used as an excuse to carry on smoking. | However, the Annals of Internal Medicine study stressed that this should not be used as an excuse to carry on smoking. |
On no account should people use the theoretical results of this study as an excuse not to give up smoking Natasha MarslandDiabetes UK | On no account should people use the theoretical results of this study as an excuse not to give up smoking Natasha MarslandDiabetes UK |
The Johns Hopkins team also stress that smoking is a well known risk factor for type-two diabetes - as well as many other health problems, such as heart disease, stroke and cancer. | The Johns Hopkins team also stress that smoking is a well known risk factor for type-two diabetes - as well as many other health problems, such as heart disease, stroke and cancer. |
Researcher Dr Jessica Yeh said: "If you smoke, give it up. That's the right thing to do. | Researcher Dr Jessica Yeh said: "If you smoke, give it up. That's the right thing to do. |
"But people have to also watch their weight." | "But people have to also watch their weight." |
The study, based on 10,892 middle aged adults who were followed for up to 17 years, found the risk of developing type-two diabetes was highest in the first three years after giving up smoking. | The study, based on 10,892 middle aged adults who were followed for up to 17 years, found the risk of developing type-two diabetes was highest in the first three years after giving up smoking. |
Around 1.8% of people giving up smoking developed type 2 diabetes each year during that period. | |
If quitters avoided developing the condition for 10 years, then their long-term risk returned to normal. | If quitters avoided developing the condition for 10 years, then their long-term risk returned to normal. |
People who made no effort to give up smoking had a constant 30% increased risk of type-two diabetes compared with non-smokers. | People who made no effort to give up smoking had a constant 30% increased risk of type-two diabetes compared with non-smokers. |
Blood sugar | Blood sugar |
Type-two diabetes means the body either fails to make enough of the hormone insulin, or cannot make proper use of it, leading to uncontrolled blood sugar levels. | Type-two diabetes means the body either fails to make enough of the hormone insulin, or cannot make proper use of it, leading to uncontrolled blood sugar levels. |
Untreated this can cause serious disease, and complications such as blindness, kidney failure and nerve damage. | Untreated this can cause serious disease, and complications such as blindness, kidney failure and nerve damage. |
One of the major risk factors for the condition is being overweight, and the rise in obesity across the developed world has been blamed for a big increase in type-two diabetes. | One of the major risk factors for the condition is being overweight, and the rise in obesity across the developed world has been blamed for a big increase in type-two diabetes. |
The researchers found those who smoked the most and those who gained the most weight had the highest likelihood for developing diabetes after they quit. | The researchers found those who smoked the most and those who gained the most weight had the highest likelihood for developing diabetes after they quit. |
On average, during the first three years of the study, quitters gained about 8.4lb (3.8kg). | On average, during the first three years of the study, quitters gained about 8.4lb (3.8kg). |
The researchers said doctors should keep in mind the importance of weight control when counselling people about giving up smoking. | The researchers said doctors should keep in mind the importance of weight control when counselling people about giving up smoking. |
Quitters tend to put on weight because smoking acts to suppress appetite. | Quitters tend to put on weight because smoking acts to suppress appetite. |
The use of nicotine replacement therapy has been shown to blunt the weight gain associated with giving up smoking. | The use of nicotine replacement therapy has been shown to blunt the weight gain associated with giving up smoking. |
Martin Dockrell, of the anti-smoking charity Ash, said: "The researchers are clear that smokers should quit but - especially if you are a heavy smoker or are already overweight - you might want to gently increase your exercise when you quit. | Martin Dockrell, of the anti-smoking charity Ash, said: "The researchers are clear that smokers should quit but - especially if you are a heavy smoker or are already overweight - you might want to gently increase your exercise when you quit. |
"If you are a smoker who is also overweight you should talk to your doctor about how to get the best from quitting. | "If you are a smoker who is also overweight you should talk to your doctor about how to get the best from quitting. |
"A little more exercise could help improve your sense of well being, reduce weight gain and undo some of the harm done by smoking leading to a healthier, happier you." | "A little more exercise could help improve your sense of well being, reduce weight gain and undo some of the harm done by smoking leading to a healthier, happier you." |
Natasha Marsland, of the charity Diabetes UK, said: "On no account should people use the theoretical results of this study as an excuse not to give up smoking. | Natasha Marsland, of the charity Diabetes UK, said: "On no account should people use the theoretical results of this study as an excuse not to give up smoking. |
"The health benefits of giving up smoking far outweigh the risk of developing type-two diabetes from modest, short-term weight gain." | "The health benefits of giving up smoking far outweigh the risk of developing type-two diabetes from modest, short-term weight gain." |
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