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| Kabul 'safer for children than many Western cities' | Kabul 'safer for children than many Western cities' |
| (40 minutes later) | |
| Children may be safer growing up in Kabul than they are in London, Glasgow or New York, a Nato official has said. | Children may be safer growing up in Kabul than they are in London, Glasgow or New York, a Nato official has said. |
| Mark Sedwill said the Afghan capital, as a "city of villages", was better for youngsters than many Western cities, despite dangers posed by the conflict. | Mark Sedwill said the Afghan capital, as a "city of villages", was better for youngsters than many Western cities, despite dangers posed by the conflict. |
| The senior civilian representative told CBBC's Newsround: "Most children can go about their lives in safety." | The senior civilian representative told CBBC's Newsround: "Most children can go about their lives in safety." |
| But some Kabul youngsters spoke of their fears, and Save the Children said the claim was "wrong and misleading". | But some Kabul youngsters spoke of their fears, and Save the Children said the claim was "wrong and misleading". |
| A spokesman for Glasgow City Council also said Mr Sedwill was "wrong" to include the city in his comments. | A spokesman for Glasgow City Council also said Mr Sedwill was "wrong" to include the city in his comments. |
| Kabul has borne the brunt of the war in Afghanistan and although the security situation there has improved of late, it is still deemed a dangerous place to live. | Kabul has borne the brunt of the war in Afghanistan and although the security situation there has improved of late, it is still deemed a dangerous place to live. |
| The UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office website advises against all but essential travel to parts of Afghanistan, and that nobody visits the areas worst-hit by fighting. | The UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office website advises against all but essential travel to parts of Afghanistan, and that nobody visits the areas worst-hit by fighting. |
| Life for children here is terribly hard. Violence or the threat of violence is never far away. Only last weekend a suicide bomber killed himself in a failed attack on troops in Kabul. Armed police and soldiers man checkpoints throughout the city. | Life for children here is terribly hard. Violence or the threat of violence is never far away. Only last weekend a suicide bomber killed himself in a failed attack on troops in Kabul. Armed police and soldiers man checkpoints throughout the city. |
| But the capital is one of the safest places in the country, and the number of attacks has been falling. Mark Sedwill was talking about criminal violence, not just bombs. He rightly pointed out that family ties are strong here - the bonds are perhaps stronger than in Western communities. | But the capital is one of the safest places in the country, and the number of attacks has been falling. Mark Sedwill was talking about criminal violence, not just bombs. He rightly pointed out that family ties are strong here - the bonds are perhaps stronger than in Western communities. |
| Kabul is a city of five million people that was built for a fraction of that number. Poverty and unemployment are huge problems and children suffer as a result. It still bears the scars of 30 years of war, and there is another worry for young people. Many, especially girls, fear the return of the Taliban and the loss of freedoms they have gained. | |
| It says Kabul has witnessed a "significant escalation in the number of suicide and rocket attacks in the last year. Since late August 2009, there have been 14 'successful' suicide attacks in the city, with at least five further suicide attacks known to have been thwarted." | It says Kabul has witnessed a "significant escalation in the number of suicide and rocket attacks in the last year. Since late August 2009, there have been 14 'successful' suicide attacks in the city, with at least five further suicide attacks known to have been thwarted." |
| Several young people interviewed by Sonali Shah, a presenter for BBC children's channel CBBC, spoke of their fear of violence. | Several young people interviewed by Sonali Shah, a presenter for BBC children's channel CBBC, spoke of their fear of violence. |
| Sohrad, a 16-year-old student, told Newsround: "Because of explosions happening in the city, it is frightening when we come to school. We are afraid of explosions in the school." | Sohrad, a 16-year-old student, told Newsround: "Because of explosions happening in the city, it is frightening when we come to school. We are afraid of explosions in the school." |
| And Manija, 11, also from Kabul, described the reality of growing up in a country at war. She said: "When there are explosions I get sad because people are dying, but the next day when they are living a normal life and celebrating I get happy." | And Manija, 11, also from Kabul, described the reality of growing up in a country at war. She said: "When there are explosions I get sad because people are dying, but the next day when they are living a normal life and celebrating I get happy." |
| 'Very few bombs' | 'Very few bombs' |
| However Mr Sedwill told the programme: "In Kabul and the other big cities actually there are very few of these bombs. The children are probably safer here than they would be in London, New York or Glasgow or many other cities. | However Mr Sedwill told the programme: "In Kabul and the other big cities actually there are very few of these bombs. The children are probably safer here than they would be in London, New York or Glasgow or many other cities. |
| "It's a very family-orientated society. So it is a little bit like a city of villages." | "It's a very family-orientated society. So it is a little bit like a city of villages." |
| But chief executive of Save the Children, Justin Forsyth, said it was wrong to make the comparison with children living in Western cities. | But chief executive of Save the Children, Justin Forsyth, said it was wrong to make the comparison with children living in Western cities. |
| "Afghanistan is the worst place on earth to be born a child - one in four children living there will die before they reach the age of five," he said. | "Afghanistan is the worst place on earth to be born a child - one in four children living there will die before they reach the age of five," he said. |
| "We should be listening to what children in Afghanistan are saying. Last year was the deadliest for children since late 2001, with more than a thousand killed because of the conflict. | "We should be listening to what children in Afghanistan are saying. Last year was the deadliest for children since late 2001, with more than a thousand killed because of the conflict. |
| "But it's not just about the bombs. A staggering 850 children die every day, many from easily preventable diseases such as diarrhoea or pneumonia, or because they are malnourished. | "But it's not just about the bombs. A staggering 850 children die every day, many from easily preventable diseases such as diarrhoea or pneumonia, or because they are malnourished. |
| "The lives of children in Afghanistan are in extreme danger. The international community needs to put as much time, effort and money into stopping children dying unnecessarily as into security operations there." | "The lives of children in Afghanistan are in extreme danger. The international community needs to put as much time, effort and money into stopping children dying unnecessarily as into security operations there." |
| A spokesman for Glasgow City Council said it understood it was important to reassure children in Afghanistan about their safety, but added that Mr Sedwill "has got it wrong here". | A spokesman for Glasgow City Council said it understood it was important to reassure children in Afghanistan about their safety, but added that Mr Sedwill "has got it wrong here". |
| "This comparison will simply lead people in Glasgow, London and New York to pull out the statistics showing how very wrong he is and his very important message to the people of Afghanistan will be lost," he said. | "This comparison will simply lead people in Glasgow, London and New York to pull out the statistics showing how very wrong he is and his very important message to the people of Afghanistan will be lost," he said. |
| Hiding Taliban | Hiding Taliban |
| When asked why Nato troops had not won the war against the Taliban in Afghanistan, Mr Sedwill said: "It's not like the Second World War, or other wars that people are familiar with, where you fight on the battlefield. | When asked why Nato troops had not won the war against the Taliban in Afghanistan, Mr Sedwill said: "It's not like the Second World War, or other wars that people are familiar with, where you fight on the battlefield. |
| "Because the Taliban can't fight that way... [what] they do is, they hide among the people. We are not going to leave Afghanistan. We are not going to leave Kabul until we are absolutely sure the Taliban can't return." | "Because the Taliban can't fight that way... [what] they do is, they hide among the people. We are not going to leave Afghanistan. We are not going to leave Kabul until we are absolutely sure the Taliban can't return." |
| Leaders of Nato's 28 states have backed a strategy to transfer leadership for the fight against the Taliban to Afghan forces by the end of 2014. | Leaders of Nato's 28 states have backed a strategy to transfer leadership for the fight against the Taliban to Afghan forces by the end of 2014. |
| Growing Up In A War Zone: A Newsround Special will be broadcast on CBBC at 1815 GMT on Monday 22 November | Growing Up In A War Zone: A Newsround Special will be broadcast on CBBC at 1815 GMT on Monday 22 November |