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Afghan opium production 'rises by 61%' compared with 2010 | Afghan opium production 'rises by 61%' compared with 2010 |
(about 1 hour later) | |
Opium production in Afghanistan rose by 61% this year compared with 2010, according to a UN report. | Opium production in Afghanistan rose by 61% this year compared with 2010, according to a UN report. |
The increase has been attributed to rising opium prices that have driven farmers to expand cultivation of the illicit opium poppy by 7% in 2011. | The increase has been attributed to rising opium prices that have driven farmers to expand cultivation of the illicit opium poppy by 7% in 2011. |
Last year opium production halved largely due to a plant infection which drastically reduced yields. | Last year opium production halved largely due to a plant infection which drastically reduced yields. |
Afghanistan produces 90% of the world's opium - 5,800 tonnes this year - the main ingredient of heroin. | Afghanistan produces 90% of the world's opium - 5,800 tonnes this year - the main ingredient of heroin. |
Analysts say that revenue from the drug has helped fund the Taliban insurgency. | Analysts say that revenue from the drug has helped fund the Taliban insurgency. |
Farmers who responded to the survey described economic hardship and lucrative prices as the main reasons for the increase. | Farmers who responded to the survey described economic hardship and lucrative prices as the main reasons for the increase. |
Nearly 80% of the opium grown in Afghanistan is being produced in provinces in the south, including Helmand and Kandahar, which are among the most volatile in the country. | Nearly 80% of the opium grown in Afghanistan is being produced in provinces in the south, including Helmand and Kandahar, which are among the most volatile in the country. |
The UN says this demonstrates that there is a clear link between insecurity and opium cultivation. | The UN says this demonstrates that there is a clear link between insecurity and opium cultivation. |
Troubling trend | Troubling trend |
However the BBC's Sanjoy Majumder in Kabul says that growing pressure from the government and successful counter-narcotics operations have led to a slight decrease in cultivation in some areas, which is being seen as a positive trend. | However the BBC's Sanjoy Majumder in Kabul says that growing pressure from the government and successful counter-narcotics operations have led to a slight decrease in cultivation in some areas, which is being seen as a positive trend. |
Lack of security in the countryside is a major factor when tackling opium production and this is something the Taliban and drug dealers have been able to exploit. | |
Farmers can be coerced into growing poppies against the backdrop of war and devastation, a lack of infrastructure and no meaningful government intervention. | |
There is ample evidence that the poppy cultivation and the drugs business in general fuels militant groups and the insurgency. | |
Experts say that any new strategy to tackle the issue should be Afghan-specific and should start by trying to win the hearts and minds of farmers and understanding their daily needs. | |
One long term solution might be that the international community funds the Afghan government to establish schemes to purchase crops from farmers at consistent and fair prices. | |
At the same time, the country's agricultural and irrigation infrastructure must be upgraded. | |
The rise in production came even though the Afghan government and Nato have increased crop eradication measures by 65% and made significant seizures in recent months. | The rise in production came even though the Afghan government and Nato have increased crop eradication measures by 65% and made significant seizures in recent months. |
The report says that there are now 17 provinces in Afghanistan affected by poppy cultivation, up from 14 one year ago. | The report says that there are now 17 provinces in Afghanistan affected by poppy cultivation, up from 14 one year ago. |
Three provinces that had been declared "poppy free" - enabling them to receive extra development funding - have slipped back and are now opium producers again, the report said. | Three provinces that had been declared "poppy free" - enabling them to receive extra development funding - have slipped back and are now opium producers again, the report said. |
Correspondents say that the rise in opium production will worry Nato commanders as they try to stabilise the country so that they can hand over security responsibilities to the government. | Correspondents say that the rise in opium production will worry Nato commanders as they try to stabilise the country so that they can hand over security responsibilities to the government. |
The report says that dry opium costs about 43% more than it did a year ago, providing farmers who grow it with an extra windfall. | The report says that dry opium costs about 43% more than it did a year ago, providing farmers who grow it with an extra windfall. |
The per-hectare price of opium more than doubled to $10,700 (£6852) from $4,900 (£3137), according to the report. | The per-hectare price of opium more than doubled to $10,700 (£6852) from $4,900 (£3137), according to the report. |
Jean-Luc Lemahieu, the head of UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in Afghanistan, said that the extra revenue was helping to fund crime. | Jean-Luc Lemahieu, the head of UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in Afghanistan, said that the extra revenue was helping to fund crime. |
"We cannot afford to ignore the record profits for non-farmers, such as traders and insurgents, which in turn fuels corruption, criminality and instability. This is a distressing situation," he said in a statement. | "We cannot afford to ignore the record profits for non-farmers, such as traders and insurgents, which in turn fuels corruption, criminality and instability. This is a distressing situation," he said in a statement. |
Mr Lemahieu said that if the profits of manufacturing and trafficking heroin are taken into account, opium is a significant part of the Afghan economy. | |
Experts say the Taliban's involvement in the drugs trade ranges from direct involvement - such as providing farmers with seed, fertiliser and cash advances for their crop - to distribution and protection. |