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| Crews Right Cruise Ship in Waters Off Italy | Crews Right Cruise Ship in Waters Off Italy |
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| GIGLIO, Italy — In a costly, painstaking and potentially perilous operation, salvage workers raised the battered hull of the cruise ship Costa Concordia early Tuesday after removing it from two granite reefs where it ran aground just off this tiny island last year, killing 32 people. | GIGLIO, Italy — In a costly, painstaking and potentially perilous operation, salvage workers raised the battered hull of the cruise ship Costa Concordia early Tuesday after removing it from two granite reefs where it ran aground just off this tiny island last year, killing 32 people. |
| The 19-hour, highly complicated salvage operation had managed to completely rotate the ship from a crazy angle on its side to the vertical, leaning it on an underwater platform built underneath, engineers said. As the vessel slowly emerged, the full extent of damage to its hull when it capsized became apparent, as if a giant fist had driven into its flank, twisting cabins and staterooms out of shape. | |
| As the ship was righted, ships’ horns blared over Giglio’s tiny port to celebrate the moment, and some of the island’s 1,500 residents hugged salvage workers as they came ashore from what is likely to be seen as a bold step toward redressing some of Italy’s anguish after the huge ship the length of three football fields careened into the reefs on a wintry night in January 2012. | As the ship was righted, ships’ horns blared over Giglio’s tiny port to celebrate the moment, and some of the island’s 1,500 residents hugged salvage workers as they came ashore from what is likely to be seen as a bold step toward redressing some of Italy’s anguish after the huge ship the length of three football fields careened into the reefs on a wintry night in January 2012. |
| “This was an important, visible step,” Franco Gabrielli, head of Italy’s Civil Protection Agency, told reporters at 4 a.m., accompanied by applause from a few residents who had stayed up all night to follow the operation. | “This was an important, visible step,” Franco Gabrielli, head of Italy’s Civil Protection Agency, told reporters at 4 a.m., accompanied by applause from a few residents who had stayed up all night to follow the operation. |
| “The rotation happened in the way we thought and hoped it would happen,” echoed Franco Porcellacchia, project manager for Costa Cruises, the ship’s operator. “There is no evidence so far of any impact to the environment. If there are debris to be removed, we will do it tomorrow.” | “The rotation happened in the way we thought and hoped it would happen,” echoed Franco Porcellacchia, project manager for Costa Cruises, the ship’s operator. “There is no evidence so far of any impact to the environment. If there are debris to be removed, we will do it tomorrow.” |
| The operation was broadcast live on television and the Internet. The Italian news media portrayed the salvage as a chance for Italy to revamp its image after the wreck, in which the captain fled the damaged ship and the evacuation was chaotic. | The operation was broadcast live on television and the Internet. The Italian news media portrayed the salvage as a chance for Italy to revamp its image after the wreck, in which the captain fled the damaged ship and the evacuation was chaotic. |
| The leading national daily, Corriere della Sera, called the shipwreck “a monument to human stupidity” and a “humiliation” for Italy. It said it hoped that the salvage effort would provide a “new and different story” for the country. | The leading national daily, Corriere della Sera, called the shipwreck “a monument to human stupidity” and a “humiliation” for Italy. It said it hoped that the salvage effort would provide a “new and different story” for the country. |
| It was not always clear what that story would be. | It was not always clear what that story would be. |
| As parts of the vessel emerged in the late afternoon on Monday, discolored and rusting, from the waters where the Concordia had languished, listing on its side, engineers had said the operation would most likely take longer than initially planned. | As parts of the vessel emerged in the late afternoon on Monday, discolored and rusting, from the waters where the Concordia had languished, listing on its side, engineers had said the operation would most likely take longer than initially planned. |
| Salvage experts said the dimensions of the stricken 951-foot vessel made the operation unparalleled in the annals of marine salvage. More than 500 divers, technicians, engineers and biologists prepared the ship for what is known as “parbuckling” to bring it upright and minimize environmental risks to Giglio Island, a marine sanctuary. | Salvage experts said the dimensions of the stricken 951-foot vessel made the operation unparalleled in the annals of marine salvage. More than 500 divers, technicians, engineers and biologists prepared the ship for what is known as “parbuckling” to bring it upright and minimize environmental risks to Giglio Island, a marine sanctuary. |
| Using huge jacks, cables, pulleys and specialized equipment, the salvage effort had been set to begin at first light on Monday, but a sudden storm prevented workers from moving a barge and rubber booms close to the ship. | Using huge jacks, cables, pulleys and specialized equipment, the salvage effort had been set to begin at first light on Monday, but a sudden storm prevented workers from moving a barge and rubber booms close to the ship. |
| Three hours after work started, engineers said the first phase of the operation — easing the vessel away from its rocky perch — was going according to plan. “These hours were the most uncertain, as we could not establish how much the hull was wedged,” said Sergio Girotto, project manager with Micoperi, the project’s underwater construction and offshore contractor. “Now we have to guide it into the desired position.” | Three hours after work started, engineers said the first phase of the operation — easing the vessel away from its rocky perch — was going according to plan. “These hours were the most uncertain, as we could not establish how much the hull was wedged,” said Sergio Girotto, project manager with Micoperi, the project’s underwater construction and offshore contractor. “Now we have to guide it into the desired position.” |
| The next phase of the salvage, engineers said, involved settling the wreck on an artificial seabed made of bags of cement next to underwater steel platforms. To achieve that, the cruise liner needed to be rotated about 65 degrees, they said. | The next phase of the salvage, engineers said, involved settling the wreck on an artificial seabed made of bags of cement next to underwater steel platforms. To achieve that, the cruise liner needed to be rotated about 65 degrees, they said. |
| The final step in the long saga will come when the ship is towed away and broken up for scrap, probably by spring. | The final step in the long saga will come when the ship is towed away and broken up for scrap, probably by spring. |
| The ship’s captain, Francesco Schettino, is scheduled to go on trial this fall on charges of multiple manslaughter, causing a shipwreck and abandoning the vessel before everyone was safe. He has denied wrongdoing. A company official and four crew members have already pleaded guilty to reduced charges. | The ship’s captain, Francesco Schettino, is scheduled to go on trial this fall on charges of multiple manslaughter, causing a shipwreck and abandoning the vessel before everyone was safe. He has denied wrongdoing. A company official and four crew members have already pleaded guilty to reduced charges. |
| Preparations for the salvage operation took 14 months, and the cost increased to $799 million from $300 million and could rise further, according to Costa Cruises. The Costa Concordia has been stabilized with anchors and cement bags, and underwater platforms were built on the port side. Salvage crews used the pulleys, strand jacks and steel cables placed on nine caissons attached to the left side of the ship to slowly dislodge it on Monday from the two rocks where it had been resting. | Preparations for the salvage operation took 14 months, and the cost increased to $799 million from $300 million and could rise further, according to Costa Cruises. The Costa Concordia has been stabilized with anchors and cement bags, and underwater platforms were built on the port side. Salvage crews used the pulleys, strand jacks and steel cables placed on nine caissons attached to the left side of the ship to slowly dislodge it on Monday from the two rocks where it had been resting. |
| The operation was monitored by engineers and remotely operated vehicle pilots from a control room on a barge close to the bow of the ship. If images or sonar showed dangerous twisting, the technicians could adjust the process. At a command center onshore, engineers could intervene if the ship did not rotate, or did not rotate properly. | The operation was monitored by engineers and remotely operated vehicle pilots from a control room on a barge close to the bow of the ship. If images or sonar showed dangerous twisting, the technicians could adjust the process. At a command center onshore, engineers could intervene if the ship did not rotate, or did not rotate properly. |
| Salvage masters and the Italian authorities had prepared for complications. Most of the fuel was siphoned off within months of the wreck. But the vessel that once transported and entertained 4,229 people still contains chemicals and diesel fuel that could leak into the pristine waters for which Giglio, a popular tourist spot, is known. | Salvage masters and the Italian authorities had prepared for complications. Most of the fuel was siphoned off within months of the wreck. But the vessel that once transported and entertained 4,229 people still contains chemicals and diesel fuel that could leak into the pristine waters for which Giglio, a popular tourist spot, is known. |
| During the rotation process, the region’s environmental agency took samples to monitor water quality. | During the rotation process, the region’s environmental agency took samples to monitor water quality. |
| “Detaching the ship from the rocks was the most complicated phase, which is probably why they decided to do it very cautiously,” said Emilio Campana, the director of the research office for naval and maritime engineering at Italy’s National Research Council. “We have to keep in mind that the structure is heavily damaged, and see if and how it holds together from now on.” | “Detaching the ship from the rocks was the most complicated phase, which is probably why they decided to do it very cautiously,” said Emilio Campana, the director of the research office for naval and maritime engineering at Italy’s National Research Council. “We have to keep in mind that the structure is heavily damaged, and see if and how it holds together from now on.” |
Gaia Pianigiani reported from Giglio, and Alan Cowell from London. | Gaia Pianigiani reported from Giglio, and Alan Cowell from London. |