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Joseph Franklin, white supremacist serial killer, executed | Joseph Franklin, white supremacist serial killer, executed |
(35 minutes later) | |
A US white supremacist who targeted black and Jewish people in a nationwide killing spree has been put to death in the US state of Missouri. | A US white supremacist who targeted black and Jewish people in a nationwide killing spree has been put to death in the US state of Missouri. |
Joseph Franklin was executed for shooting dead a man and wounding two others outside a synagogue in 1977. | Joseph Franklin was executed for shooting dead a man and wounding two others outside a synagogue in 1977. |
The 63-year-old was convicted of seven other racially motivated murders. He claimed to have committed 20 in total. | The 63-year-old was convicted of seven other racially motivated murders. He claimed to have committed 20 in total. |
His execution came after the US Supreme Court upheld an appeal court's decision to lift a stay of execution. | His execution came after the US Supreme Court upheld an appeal court's decision to lift a stay of execution. |
Racist views 'renounced' | Racist views 'renounced' |
In 1978 Franklin shot Hustler publisher Larry Flynt, leaving him partially paralysed, after seeing a picture of a mixed-race couple in one of his magazines. | |
But Mr Flynt - who opposes the death penalty - had sued to prevent Franklin's execution. | But Mr Flynt - who opposes the death penalty - had sued to prevent Franklin's execution. |
In an interview with the St Louis Post-Dispatch newspaper published on Monday, Franklin said he had renounced his racist views. | In an interview with the St Louis Post-Dispatch newspaper published on Monday, Franklin said he had renounced his racist views. |
He said his motivation had been "illogical" and was partly a consequence of an abusive upbringing. | He said his motivation had been "illogical" and was partly a consequence of an abusive upbringing. |
He said he had interacted with black people in prison, adding: "I saw they were people just like us." | |
Franklin, who defence lawyers said was a paranoid schizophrenic, bombed a synagogue in Tennessee in July 1977. No-one was injured in that attack. | |
He committed his first murder shortly after arriving in St Louis later that year, picking out the Brith Sholom Kneseth Israel synagogue from the phone book. | |
Franklin opened fire on the place of worship as guests were leaving a bar mitzvah on 8 October 1977, killing Gerald Gordon, 42. | |
It was for this murder that he was sentenced to death. | |
Sniper attacks | |
He continued sniper attacks over three years, killing two black teenagers in Ohio and an interracial couple in Wisconsin. | |
Franklin was finally caught after killing two young black men who were about to go running with teenage white girls in Salt Lake City, Utah. | |
His lawyers' appeal focused partly on a dispute over the type of lethal injections that Missouri uses in its executions. | |
US and EU manufacturers have been cutting off the supply of drugs used for lethal injections in recent years in an attempt to distance themselves from executions. | US and EU manufacturers have been cutting off the supply of drugs used for lethal injections in recent years in an attempt to distance themselves from executions. |
As a result, Missouri, which long used a lethal three-drug cocktail for executions, has changed the drugs it uses three times in as many months. | As a result, Missouri, which long used a lethal three-drug cocktail for executions, has changed the drugs it uses three times in as many months. |
The single drug used in the execution of Franklin was pentobarbital, a short-acting barbiturate that can induce death in high doses. | The single drug used in the execution of Franklin was pentobarbital, a short-acting barbiturate that can induce death in high doses. |
On Tuesday, Franklin's lawyers won a stay of execution when they argued in federal court that using this drug would violate the constitutional ban on cruel and unusual punishment. | On Tuesday, Franklin's lawyers won a stay of execution when they argued in federal court that using this drug would violate the constitutional ban on cruel and unusual punishment. |
But early on Wednesday, a federal appeals court overturned the stay of execution. Its ruling was upheld by the US Supreme Court, sealing Franklin's fate. | But early on Wednesday, a federal appeals court overturned the stay of execution. Its ruling was upheld by the US Supreme Court, sealing Franklin's fate. |
He declined to make a final statement and was pronounced dead at 6:17 local time (12:17 GMT). |