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World must act on North Korea rights abuse, says UN report World must act on North Korea rights abuse, says UN report
(35 minutes later)
The international community must act on evidence of widespread crimes against humanity in North Korea, say the authors of a long-awaited UN report.The international community must act on evidence of widespread crimes against humanity in North Korea, say the authors of a long-awaited UN report.
A panel of experts mandated by the UN's Human Rights Council said North Koreans had suffered "unspeakable atrocities" and those accused must face justice. A panel of experts mandated by the UN's Human Rights Council said North Koreans had suffered "unspeakable atrocities", and that those responsible, including leader Kim Jong-un, must face justice.
The panel heard evidence of torture, enslavement, sexual violence, severe political repression and other crimes. The panel heard evidence of torture, political repression and other crimes.
North Korea refused to co-operate and has rejected the report's conclusions. Pyongyang refused to co-operate with the report and rejects its conclusions.
Testimony to the panel included an account of a woman forced to drown her own baby, children imprisoned from birth and starved, and families tortured for watching a foreign soap opera. Testimony given to the panel from defectors included an account of a woman forced to drown her own baby, children imprisoned from birth and starved, and families tortured for watching a foreign soap opera.
The UN commission said leader Kim Jong-un had failed to respond to an advance copy of the report, and a letter which warned him he could be held personally responsible for abuses.The UN commission said leader Kim Jong-un had failed to respond to an advance copy of the report, and a letter which warned him he could be held personally responsible for abuses.
Michael Kirby, chairman of the independent Commission of Inquiry, said the report "calls for attention from the international community".Michael Kirby, chairman of the independent Commission of Inquiry, said the report "calls for attention from the international community".
"At the end of the Second World War so many people said 'if only we had known... if only we had known the wrongs that were done in the countries of the hostile forces'," he said."At the end of the Second World War so many people said 'if only we had known... if only we had known the wrongs that were done in the countries of the hostile forces'," he said.
"Well, now the international community does know... There will be no excusing of failure of action because we didn't know.""Well, now the international community does know... There will be no excusing of failure of action because we didn't know."
"Too many times in this building there are reports and no action. Well this is a time for action.""Too many times in this building there are reports and no action. Well this is a time for action."
'Unspeakable atrocities''Unspeakable atrocities'
The BBC's Imogen Foulkes in Geneva says the report is one of the most detailed and devastating ever published by the United Nations.The BBC's Imogen Foulkes in Geneva says the report is one of the most detailed and devastating ever published by the United Nations.
Among the report's findings are: It says that the "gravity, scale and nature of these violations reveal a State that does not have any parallel in the contemporary world".
The report says that in North Korea:
"In many instances, the violations of human rights found by the commission constitute crimes against humanity," says the report."In many instances, the violations of human rights found by the commission constitute crimes against humanity," says the report.
"These are not mere excesses of the state; they are essential components of a political system that has moved far from the ideals on which it claims to be founded.""These are not mere excesses of the state; they are essential components of a political system that has moved far from the ideals on which it claims to be founded."
It says the UN "must ensure that those most responsible for the crimes against humanity" are held accountable, through a referral to the International Criminal Court, or a UN tribunal.It says the UN "must ensure that those most responsible for the crimes against humanity" are held accountable, through a referral to the International Criminal Court, or a UN tribunal.
Responding to the findings, North Korea said it "categorically and totally rejects" the report. The UN should also adopt targeted sanctions "against those who appear to be most responsible for crimes against humanity" and increase its monitoring of rights abuses in North Korea.
North Korea declined to participate in the panel's investigation, and said it "categorically and totally rejects" the findings.
Its response came in a two-page statement sent to Reuters from its diplomatic mission in Geneva.Its response came in a two-page statement sent to Reuters from its diplomatic mission in Geneva.
"The DPRK [North Korea] once again makes it clear that the 'human rights violations' mentioned in the so-called 'report' do not exist in our country.""The DPRK [North Korea] once again makes it clear that the 'human rights violations' mentioned in the so-called 'report' do not exist in our country."
North Korea declined to participate in the panel's investigation.
Mr Kirby said there was "a very good way to answer the many charges and complaints - and that is to allow the door to be opened" to the international community so they could see the situation for themselves.Mr Kirby said there was "a very good way to answer the many charges and complaints - and that is to allow the door to be opened" to the international community so they could see the situation for themselves.
For years, North Korean defectors have detailed harrowing accounts of life in the secretive country, with tens of thousands of political prisoners in camps and civilians living under a system of neighbourhood surveillance where they are encouraged to denounce each other.
Although this information has been in the public domain for years, the panel's inquiry is the highest-profile international attempt to investigate the claims.Although this information has been in the public domain for years, the panel's inquiry is the highest-profile international attempt to investigate the claims.
Jared Genser, an international human rights lawyer who has campaigned to stop crimes against humanity in North Korea, said the findings were both ground-breaking and unremarkable. Jared Genser, an international human rights lawyer who has campaigned to stop crimes against humanity in North Korea, said the report "puts a huge burden on the United Nations to then take the next set of steps".
"They're ground-breaking in that it's the first time that the United Nations as an institution has found that crimes against humanity are being committed against the people of North Korea," he said. "And so the real question now is, what next?"
"Of course, it puts a huge burden on the United Nations to then take the next set of steps.
"But of course it's also unremarkable in the sense that those of us who have worked on North Korea human rights for many, many years are aware of the sheer weight of evidence coming out of North Korea over decades now... And so the real question now is, what next?"
China, North Korea's only ally, would be likely to block any attempt to refer the North to the International Criminal Court.China, North Korea's only ally, would be likely to block any attempt to refer the North to the International Criminal Court.
And an ad-hoc tribunal, like those set up for Rwanda, Sierra Leone or Cambodia, would appear unlikely without co-operation from elements within the country.And an ad-hoc tribunal, like those set up for Rwanda, Sierra Leone or Cambodia, would appear unlikely without co-operation from elements within the country.
The panel will formally present its findings next month, when the Human Rights Council will decide which recommendations to support.The panel will formally present its findings next month, when the Human Rights Council will decide which recommendations to support.