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Hidalgo's Paris win is a bright spot for socialists as UMP rides 'blue wave' Dismal night for Socialists as far-right and conservatives sweep elections
(about 4 hours later)
Paris looked set to elect its first female mayor on Sunday night, but the victory for socialist Anne Hidalgo was an isolated piece of good news for President François Hollande's embattled party. Paris elected its first female mayor on Sunday night, but the victory for socialist Anne Hidalgo was an isolated piece of good news for President François Hollande's embattled party as the far-right Front National (FN) appeared on course to win a record number of town halls.
The exit polls showed that Spanish-born Hidalgo, 54, was estimated to have won, with 55% of the vote, well ahead of her centre-right rival Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet. "I am the first woman mayor of Paris. I am aware of the challenge," Hidalgo said in a victory speech after defeating the candidate of the conservative right, former minister Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet.
If her victory is confirmed in a final count Hidalgo will succeed the popular Socialist mayor Bertrand Delanoë, who has run the city since 2001. Last year she told the Guardian that running Paris was "the best elected job that exists". Provisional results from Sunday's voting showed the protectionist, anti-EU Front National party of Marine Le Pen set to take control of 11 towns across the country, easily surpassing a past record in the 1990s when it ruled in four towns.
But her probable triumph was a rare moment for celebration in what was a dismal evening for Hollande, whose popularity was already at rock bottom even before Sunday's vote, and his Socialist (PS) government. At least 140 more towns swung from the left to mainstream opposition conservatives as voters punished Hollande for his failure to turn around the eurozone's second-largest economy and above all to tackle an unemployment rate stuck at more than 10%.
Elsewhere, the Front National appeared to have once again punched above its real electoral weight in what may well turn out to have been a protest vote. While Hollande himself – who surveys show is the least popular leader in France's 56-year-old Fifth Republic – will remain in power, the question is whether he will replace the prime minister, Jean-Marc Ayrault, whose government has been accused of amateurishness and of being paralysed by policy splits.
The party's charismatic president, Marine Le Pen, said the results marked a "new step for the FN" and said she hoped to translate its success into seats in the European elections in May. "This evening is a moment of truth. There is no getting away from it: this vote is a defeat for the government … and I take my part of the blame," Ayrault told national television late on Sunday.
"The Front National has upset the traditional UMP-PS duo. From now on they will have to count on a third great political force in our country," Le Pen said. "The president will draw the lessons from this vote and he will do it in the best interests of France," he said, without commenting on his own fate.
The revival of the FN as the Socialists struggle takes the far-right party back to levels last seen in 2002 when far-right presidential candidate Jean-Marie Le Pen knocked out the Socialist candidate in the first round of the presidential elections. An exit poll by survey group BVA showed Hollande's allies winning just 42% of the popular vote against 49% for the French right.
The FN took the towns of Béziers, where FN candidate Robert Ménard, former head of Reporters Sans Frontiers, obtained more than 47% of the vote, and Fréjus, but lost the symbolic city of Avignon, where the FN candidate had led the first-round vote. "The glass ceiling has been shattered," said Le Pen, who has sought to make her party more acceptable to French voters. "No one can seriously deny this has been a huge victory for us."
Most of the FN's successes were in the east and west of the country in areas with high unemployment and immigration. The FN now has a fresh chance to show it can be trusted with power after its attempts to run towns in the 1990s were widely judged to have exposed its failings, hurting its electoral fortunes for years afterwards.
If there was any small consolation for the president and his administration, it was that while the centre-right UMP emerged overall winners, it was that the FN had not done as well as results of first-round voting last Sunday had suggested. "Clearly we are entering a new phase, the duopoly of French politics has been broken and we must reckon with a third force," Le Pen said, referring to the fact Socialists and mainstream conservatives have long dominated French politics. Yet the FN failed to win the southern town of Avignon as it hoped, and was unlikely to secure the eastern town of Forbach, another of its key targets.
Final results showed the FN won the towns of Béziers, Le Pontet, Fréjus, Beaucaire, Le Luc, Camaret-sur-Aigues and Cogolin in the south, and Villers-Cotterêt and Hayange in the north. It already made a breakthrough in last week's first round by winning power in the northern town of Hénin-Beaumont.
"This is the price of the brave reforms that have been undertaken," the finance minister, Pierre Moscovici said of pension reforms and tax hikes brought in by Hollande in a bid to narrow France's public deficit.
"We cannot, and we shall not, remain deaf to the message the French have sent us," he told national television.
Despite the election losses, Hollande's government has said it would persist with economic reforms and spending cuts, including a plan to phase out €30bn (£25bn) in payroll tax on companies in exchange for hiring more workers.
Presidential aides said Hollande was due to see both Ayrault and the centrist interior minister, Manuel Valls, who has come top of polls as the favourite of most French to take the premiership.
The exit polls showed that Spanish-born Hidalgo, 54, was estimated to have won, with 55% of the vote, well ahead of Kosciusko-Morizet. If her victory is confirmed in a final count, Hidalgo will succeed the popular Socialist mayor Bertrand Delanoë, who has run the city since 2001. Last year she told the Guardian that running Paris was "the best elected job that exists".
The revival of the FN as the Socialists struggle takes the far-right party back up to levels last seen in 2002 when its presidential candidate, Jean-Marie Le Pen, knocked out his Socialist opponent in the first round of the presidential elections.
The FN took the towns ofIn Béziers FN candidate Robert Ménard, former head of Reporters sans frontières, obtained more than 47% of the vote. But it lost the symbolic city of Avignon, where its candidate had led the first-round vote.
Most of its successes were in the east and west of the country, in areas with high unemployment and immigration.
If there was any small consolation for the president and his administration, it was that while the centre-right UMP emerged as overall winner, the FN did not do as well as results of first-round voting last Sunday had suggested.
In the rest of the country, French voters stayed away from polling stations in record numbers for the second round of local elections.In the rest of the country, French voters stayed away from polling stations in record numbers for the second round of local elections.
The 38% rate of abstention in the second round of the election was seen as a direct message of disillusion with the country's ruling class, particularly the struggling Socialist government headed by Hollande. The 38% rate of abstention in the second round of the election was seen as a direct message of disillusionment with the country's ruling class.
Among the most symbolic losses for the governing Socialists were those of the town of Limoges, which the left had held since 1912, Saint Etienne, which fell to a UMP candidate, Belfort, which went to the right, and Quimper in Brittany, which elected an UMP mayor. Among the most symbolic losses for the governing Socialists were those of the town of Limoges, which the left had held since 1912, Saint-Etienne, which fell to a UMP candidate, Belfort, which went to the right, and Quimper in Brittany, which elected a UMP mayor.
Najat Vallaud-Belkacem, spokesperson for the government, was the first to admit: "The results are bad. We hear the message that has been sent."Najat Vallaud-Belkacem, spokesperson for the government, was the first to admit: "The results are bad. We hear the message that has been sent."
Jean-Francois Copé of the centre-right UMP said the local elections were an overwhelming success for his opposition party. "It's a blue wave … the first major victory for the UP in a local election,' he said. Jean-Francois Copé of the UMP said the local elections were an overwhelming success for his opposition party. "It's a blue wave … the first major victory for the UMP in a local election," he said.
There were fears that the high level of abstentions among voters would play in favour of the FN. However, the first estimates showed an increase in support for the mainstream right opposition UMP party, while support for the far-right, which has undoubtedly increased, was not as great as had been suggested by the first-round vote. Nonna Mayer, research director at the Centre of European Studies at Sciences Po (Paris Institute of Political Science), said: "They can't be stopped. It's the first time the Front National has organised such an electoral dynamic in local elections."
Local elections are traditionally seen as a way for the electorate to express their dissatisfaction with the government of the day. Mayer said the FN was benefiting from a "give them a go" attitude in France. She added: "Voters are so tired of the economic situation and they have the feeling that the left and the right have been unable to find a solution … They say we have tried everything, why not try the Front National."
Around 30,000 of the 36,000 municipalities in France had already elected their mayors in the first round. This included one FN mayor elected outright. Only in areas where no party obtained more than 50% of the vote did the election go to a second round.
However, in those 6,000 areas, the FN has a strong showing, particularly in the south of France. In Avignon, one of the towns in which the FN led after the first round, the Socialist party candidate won the seat.
The abstention level in the first round last Sunday was 36.45%, already high and an indication of voter disaffection with the mainstream political parties ahead of this weekend's poll.
Nonna Mayer, research director at the Centre of European Studies at Sciences Po, said: "They can't be stopped. It's the first time the Front National has organised such an electoral dynamic in local elections.
Mayer said the FN was benefiting from a "give them a go" attitude in France. She added: "Voters are so tired of the economic situation and they have the feeling that the left and the right have been unable to find a solution … they say we have tried everything, why not try the Front National."
First estimates suggested 49% of voters had supported centre right UMP candidates, 42% Socialist party candidates, and 9% the Front National, a substantial increase in support for the far-right.
Ségolène Royal, a former presidential candidate, said the results were a "severe warning" for the government.
"It's the party system that has been punished," she said. "There are a number of French people who have had enough of the system. They want democracy.
"The French have not seen the results of the efforts we have demanded of them."
She added: "I hope this defeat will awaken the team in power."
French finance minister Pierre Moscovici admitted: "It's difficult to reform a country like France. This is undoubtedly a defeat for us."