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| Horatio Chapple found paw prints before polar bear attack, inquest hears | Horatio Chapple found paw prints before polar bear attack, inquest hears |
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| A 17-year-old schoolboy mauled to death by a polar bear during an adventure holiday had found a paw print two days before the lethal attack, an inquest has heard. | A 17-year-old schoolboy mauled to death by a polar bear during an adventure holiday had found a paw print two days before the lethal attack, an inquest has heard. |
| Horatio Chapple was on an adventure holiday to the remote Svalbard islands in August 2011 with the British Schools Exploring Society (BSES) when he died. | Horatio Chapple was on an adventure holiday to the remote Svalbard islands in August 2011 with the British Schools Exploring Society (BSES) when he died. |
| The Eton College pupil from Salisbury, Wiltshire, was sleeping in his tent when the bear went on the rampage, inflicting fatal injuries to his head and upper body. | The Eton College pupil from Salisbury, Wiltshire, was sleeping in his tent when the bear went on the rampage, inflicting fatal injuries to his head and upper body. |
| Four others were hurt before the bear was shot dead at the campsite, where the group, known as Chanzin Fire, had been staying. | Four others were hurt before the bear was shot dead at the campsite, where the group, known as Chanzin Fire, had been staying. |
| Also injured during the incident were trip leader Michael "Spike" Reid, from Plymouth, Devon, Andrew Ruck, from Brighton, Patrick Flinders, from Jersey, and Scott Bennell-Smith, from St Mellion in Cornwall. | Also injured during the incident were trip leader Michael "Spike" Reid, from Plymouth, Devon, Andrew Ruck, from Brighton, Patrick Flinders, from Jersey, and Scott Bennell-Smith, from St Mellion in Cornwall. |
| Lauren Beech, from Ilford, Essex, told the Salisbury inquest that Horatio had found a bear print in the ground just two days before the attack. She said she also found out after the incident that the local authorities had issued a warning about increased polar bear activities in recent months before the attack. | |
| Describing the paw print discovery on 3 August, she said: "That was the day that Horatio noticed the prints of the polar bear. We were advised by the leader they were approximately two to four days old and they were facing in the direction of base camp. | Describing the paw print discovery on 3 August, she said: "That was the day that Horatio noticed the prints of the polar bear. We were advised by the leader they were approximately two to four days old and they were facing in the direction of base camp. |
| "I remember there was more than one there, one was very distinct and I remember several of us taking photos with this print." | "I remember there was more than one there, one was very distinct and I remember several of us taking photos with this print." |
| She added: "It may make me sound naive but I remember thinking: 'Wow, it's a polar bear footprint', but I do not remember it making me any more worried." | She added: "It may make me sound naive but I remember thinking: 'Wow, it's a polar bear footprint', but I do not remember it making me any more worried." |
| Beech said she had been concerned about the tripwire and said she did not consider it to be "very robust". | |
| She also questioned the leaders' action of asking the group for their views on whether a bear watch should be held on the night before the attack. | She also questioned the leaders' action of asking the group for their views on whether a bear watch should be held on the night before the attack. |
| She said: "The leaders laid out why they thought a bear watch wasn't required, they said it was a low-risk area. | She said: "The leaders laid out why they thought a bear watch wasn't required, they said it was a low-risk area. |
| "The decision was pushed out to the Fire, I couldn't understand at the time as a 16-year-old and a young person I had no knowledge of the area and I put my complete trust in the leaders' knowledge." | "The decision was pushed out to the Fire, I couldn't understand at the time as a 16-year-old and a young person I had no knowledge of the area and I put my complete trust in the leaders' knowledge." |
| She said Bennell-Smith proposed that there should be a bear watch but the decision had rested with the leaders. | |
| Beech said she had also been concerned when they had briefly lost contact with a member of the party at the back of the group during one of the treks during the trip. | Beech said she had also been concerned when they had briefly lost contact with a member of the party at the back of the group during one of the treks during the trip. |
| Beech said she had remained in her tent during the bear attack but had seen the white fur of the bear within metres of the tent when her tent-mate briefly opened the front opening. | |
| She said: "I heard growls of the bear along with other shouts and screams. I was very distressed and I do not think I had any idea of the timescale." | She said: "I heard growls of the bear along with other shouts and screams. I was very distressed and I do not think I had any idea of the timescale." |
| Bennell-Smith, who was 16 at the time, told the inquest that he was lying asleep in the same tent as Horatio and Flinders when the bear attacked, and was woken by "shaking of the tent". | Bennell-Smith, who was 16 at the time, told the inquest that he was lying asleep in the same tent as Horatio and Flinders when the bear attacked, and was woken by "shaking of the tent". |
| He said: "I felt as if we all woke up at the same time, initially when the tent was shaking I felt someone may have been shaking it to wake us up." | He said: "I felt as if we all woke up at the same time, initially when the tent was shaking I felt someone may have been shaking it to wake us up." |
| He said he realised they were under attack "when the bear came out the top of the tent". | |
| He continued: "The material of the tent roof collapsed over all three of us and I could feel the presence of the bear over all of us. I could feel the size of it and see its paws. | He continued: "The material of the tent roof collapsed over all three of us and I could feel the presence of the bear over all of us. I could feel the size of it and see its paws. |
| "When the material collapsed over me I couldn't see what was happening so I do not know if Horatio was still under the cover of the material but I think I was and I think Pat was. | "When the material collapsed over me I couldn't see what was happening so I do not know if Horatio was still under the cover of the material but I think I was and I think Pat was. |
| "From what I remember I think we were all shouting the same thing, shouting for Spike, shouting for Andy, shouting for help." | "From what I remember I think we were all shouting the same thing, shouting for Spike, shouting for Andy, shouting for help." |
| Bennell-Smith, who is now 20, continued: "The material had all ripped, it had fallen about either side of us. I saw the bear attacking someone, I thought at the time it was [one of the young explorers] Matt Burke, I think it was right in the centre of the camp, biting [him] in the head. | Bennell-Smith, who is now 20, continued: "The material had all ripped, it had fallen about either side of us. I saw the bear attacking someone, I thought at the time it was [one of the young explorers] Matt Burke, I think it was right in the centre of the camp, biting [him] in the head. |
| "I just put my head down again and tried to stay still basically, then I could just hear the bear moving around the camp, just heard commotion. | |
| "I remember someone asking Spike what they should do and I remember someone calling out where the bullets were and, I am not exactly sure of the order, Pat was making noises, I wasn't sure whether the bear was back on him at this point then I realised the bear had come out and was attacking Pat, then I got out of my sleeping bag and tried to run away from it." | "I remember someone asking Spike what they should do and I remember someone calling out where the bullets were and, I am not exactly sure of the order, Pat was making noises, I wasn't sure whether the bear was back on him at this point then I realised the bear had come out and was attacking Pat, then I got out of my sleeping bag and tried to run away from it." |
| Bennell-Smith said he now believed the man being attacked was not Burke but was in fact Reid. | |
| He said it was at this point that he was attacked by the bear and said: "After the bear attacked me, I moved away and then I couldn't see anything else that was going on, soon after I heard the shot and saw in my peripheral vision the bear go down." | He said it was at this point that he was attacked by the bear and said: "After the bear attacked me, I moved away and then I couldn't see anything else that was going on, soon after I heard the shot and saw in my peripheral vision the bear go down." |
| He said he had not seen Horatio being attacked in the tent by the bear. | |
| Bennell-Smith said he had joked with the group about the practicality of the tripwire used as an early warning system. | |
| The system has been criticised in the inquest for having missing components and for working inconsistently. Bennell-Smith said he had questioned the purpose of it as an early warning because of its proximity to the tent. |