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Migrant crisis: EU leaders meet with focus on Turkey Migrant crisis: EU leaders meet with focus on Turkey
(35 minutes later)
European leaders are to discuss measures to ease the region's migration crisis, with Turkey the focus of their efforts in Brussels.European leaders are to discuss measures to ease the region's migration crisis, with Turkey the focus of their efforts in Brussels.
Nearly 600,000 migrants have reached the EU by sea so far this year.Nearly 600,000 migrants have reached the EU by sea so far this year.
Turkey is hosting some two million migrants, most of them fleeing the war in neighbouring Syria.Turkey is hosting some two million migrants, most of them fleeing the war in neighbouring Syria.
Ahead of the summit, German Chancellor Angela Merkel stressed the need for a joint EU effort to tackle the crisis and said Turkey played a "key role".Ahead of the summit, German Chancellor Angela Merkel stressed the need for a joint EU effort to tackle the crisis and said Turkey played a "key role".
"Most war refugees that come to Europe travel via Turkey. We won't be able to order and stem the refugee movement without working together with Turkey," she told the German parliament on Thursday morning."Most war refugees that come to Europe travel via Turkey. We won't be able to order and stem the refugee movement without working together with Turkey," she told the German parliament on Thursday morning.
The 28 EU leaders meeting in Brussels are hoping the Turkish government will sign up to a joint action plan that includes: BBC Europe correspondent Chris Morris says most EU leaders are convinced that efforts to contain the migration crisis will not succeed without closer co-operation with the Turkish government.
In exchange, Turkey would undertake various measures including implementing asylum procedures and giving priority to "the opening of the six refugee reception centres built with EU co-funding". But, he adds, Ankara wants plenty in return - more financial aid to ease the strain of hosting refugees, as well as visa liberalisation and progress on Turkey's stalled application for EU membership.
The Turkish government, however, is expected to press for more rapid progress towards visa-free travel for its citizens to European countries that have abolished border controls within the so-called Schengen area. About 2.2 million people have fled to Turkey in more than four years of conflict in Syria, where militants from the Islamic State group control swathes of territory.
Analysis - Chris Morris, BBC News, Brussels Analysis - Katya Adler, BBC Europe editor, Hamburg
Most EU leaders are now convinced that, without closer co-operation with Turkey, efforts to contain the migration crisis will not succeed. But Turkey wants plenty in return - more financial aid, visa liberalisation, and progress on its stalled application for EU membership. Mrs Merkel's nickname is Mutti, or Mummy. Election after election, Germans have put their trust in her to decide what's best for them. She's seen as key in making Germany the success story it is today.
The European Commission has been trying to take the lead, but some EU countries are far less keen on giving Turkey too much. The way she's handling the migrant crisis is the biggest gamble of her political career.
Criticism of what many see as the autocratic tendencies of the Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan remains strong. And there's real concern about Turkey's resumption of the war with Kurdish rebels. Only one in three here say they agree with Mrs Merkel's migrant policy, according to the most recent poll. And she's slipping in popularity ratings.
But the government in Ankara knows the EU needs its help more than ever. One senior EU source said the relationship with Turkey is never easy or straightforward, but it is essential that we get it right. German newspapers are full of reports about the benefits refugees receive compared to German citizens on welfare, leading, in some quarters, to a sense of injustice.
There's also a more widespread worry about strains on the national health and education systems.
Merkel under pressure - Chancellor's migrant policy faces criticism at home
Focus on Turkey - Why the EU views Syria's northern neighbour as keyFocus on Turkey - Why the EU views Syria's northern neighbour as key
Merkel under pressure - German chancellor's migrant policy faces criticism at home The pull of Europe - Five migrant stories
The 28 EU leaders meeting in Brussels are hoping the Turkish government will sign up to a joint action plan that includes:
Turkey is expected to press for more rapid progress towards visa-free travel for its citizens to European countries that have abolished border controls within the so-called Schengen area.
European Commission Vice-President Frans Timmermans is in Turkey to discuss the crisis. "The EU needs Turkey and Turkey needs the EU," he said.European Commission Vice-President Frans Timmermans is in Turkey to discuss the crisis. "The EU needs Turkey and Turkey needs the EU," he said.
Mrs Merkel is expected in Turkey for more talks at the weekend.Mrs Merkel is expected in Turkey for more talks at the weekend.
In a letter to EU leaders, European Council President Donald Tusk warned that the regional situation was "difficult and politically very complex.In a letter to EU leaders, European Council President Donald Tusk warned that the regional situation was "difficult and politically very complex.
"Just to give one example, Turkey is calling on us to support the establishment of a safe zone in northern Syria, whereas Russia - increasingly engaged in Syria - is openly rejecting this idea.""Just to give one example, Turkey is calling on us to support the establishment of a safe zone in northern Syria, whereas Russia - increasingly engaged in Syria - is openly rejecting this idea."
He went on: "We must ask ourselves if the decisions we have taken so far, and the ones we are going to take on Thursday, are sufficient to contain a new migratory wave" - a wave, he warned, that could mean millions of new arrivals in the spring.He went on: "We must ask ourselves if the decisions we have taken so far, and the ones we are going to take on Thursday, are sufficient to contain a new migratory wave" - a wave, he warned, that could mean millions of new arrivals in the spring.
Migration in 2015
Have you been affected by any of the issues raised in this story? You can share your comments and experience by emailing haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk.Have you been affected by any of the issues raised in this story? You can share your comments and experience by emailing haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk.
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