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How much grain is being shipped from Ukraine? | How much grain is being shipped from Ukraine? |
(about 7 hours later) | |
Brave Commander is taking 23,000 tonnes of grain from Ukraine to Ethiopia | Brave Commander is taking 23,000 tonnes of grain from Ukraine to Ethiopia |
More than 630,000 tonnes of grain and other types of food have been shipped from Ukraine's ports since the start of this month, says the United Nations. | |
The first cargo was loaded on 1 August after Russia lifted its naval blockade of Ukraine, allowing ships to use a safe corridor through the Black Sea. | |
However, Ukraine is exporting its grain more slowly than it was before the war started. | |
How much grain has been stuck in Ukraine? | How much grain has been stuck in Ukraine? |
About 20 million tonnes of grain meant for export has been trapped in Ukraine since February, along with other foodstuffs such as maize and sunflower oil. | About 20 million tonnes of grain meant for export has been trapped in Ukraine since February, along with other foodstuffs such as maize and sunflower oil. |
This has caused an undersupply of food and soaring prices in many countries around the world. | This has caused an undersupply of food and soaring prices in many countries around the world. |
The African Development Bank says it has contributed to a shortage of 30 million tonnes of food across the continent, and a 40% rise in food prices. | The African Development Bank says it has contributed to a shortage of 30 million tonnes of food across the continent, and a 40% rise in food prices. |
In Nigeria, it has helped increase the price of staples such as pasta and bread by as much as 50%. | In Nigeria, it has helped increase the price of staples such as pasta and bread by as much as 50%. |
Yemen, which normally imports more than a million tonnes of wheat a year from Ukraine, saw the price of flour rise by 42% and bread by 25%. | Yemen, which normally imports more than a million tonnes of wheat a year from Ukraine, saw the price of flour rise by 42% and bread by 25%. |
In Syria, another big importer of Ukrainian wheat, the price of bread has doubled. | In Syria, another big importer of Ukrainian wheat, the price of bread has doubled. |
About 20 million tonnes of Ukraine's grain has been trapped in the country | |
How much food is being shipped from Ukraine? | How much food is being shipped from Ukraine? |
Since the safe sea corridor was set up on 22 July, more than 630,000 tonnes of grain and other foodstuffs have been shipped from Ukraine's ports. | |
This includes corn (maize), wheat and sunflower oil. | |
Global food prices fell as soon as the corridor agreement was signed. | |
The UN's measure of world food prices - the FAO food price index - fell by nearly 9% in July. | The UN's measure of world food prices - the FAO food price index - fell by nearly 9% in July. |
Ukraine's government says more than 40 ships have been listed so far to load with foodstuffs at its ports. | |
Grain ships travel in a narrow corridor through the Black Sea | |
The United Nations is a major buyer of Ukrainian grain, sending it to countries in danger of famine. | The United Nations is a major buyer of Ukrainian grain, sending it to countries in danger of famine. |
One ship, Brave Commander, is carrying 23,000 tonnes of UN-bought wheat to Ethiopia. | One ship, Brave Commander, is carrying 23,000 tonnes of UN-bought wheat to Ethiopia. |
The UN says it has bought up 60,000 tonnes of Ukrainian wheat in total for needy countries. | The UN says it has bought up 60,000 tonnes of Ukrainian wheat in total for needy countries. |
Is enough food being shipped? | Is enough food being shipped? |
Ukraine's government says in the first half of August, only 948,000 tonnes were exported, by sea or by land. | Ukraine's government says in the first half of August, only 948,000 tonnes were exported, by sea or by land. |
In the same period last year, the country exported 1.8 million tonnes. | In the same period last year, the country exported 1.8 million tonnes. |
On a visit to Odesa, UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres said: "Getting food and fertiliser out of Ukraine in larger quantities is crucial to further calm commodity markets and to lower prices." | |
Ukraine's government says it will be able to export three million tonnes of grain in September, and four million tonnes in October. | Ukraine's government says it will be able to export three million tonnes of grain in September, and four million tonnes in October. |
Ukraine says it will able to export three million tonnes of grain a month, but it will take about 15 ships a day to carry it all. | |
However, this depends on whether more shipping companies are prepared to send their vessels to Ukraine. | However, this depends on whether more shipping companies are prepared to send their vessels to Ukraine. |
David Osler, of the shipping journal Lloyd's List, says that to take three million tonnes of food a month from Ukraine, 15 ships would have to load at its ports every day. | |
However, he says: "Ship owners fear sending their vessels there. They're still afraid of their ships hitting a mine or getting attacked by the Russians." | |
How does the safe sea corridor work? | How does the safe sea corridor work? |
Russia and Ukraine both signed deals with Turkey to establish a corridor from Odesa, and two neighbouring ports, to the Istanbul strait. | |
It is 310 nautical miles long and three nautical miles wide. | It is 310 nautical miles long and three nautical miles wide. |
Ukrainian vessels guide grain ships in and out of port through mines that Ukrainian forces laid. | |
Turkey inspects the ships for weapons, at the request of the Russians. | |
Russian is being allowed to export grain and fertiliser via the Black Sea. | |
The agreement expires after 120 days - in mid-November. | The agreement expires after 120 days - in mid-November. |
Mr Osler says insurers are charging premiums of 1% or 2% of a ship's value for every journey to and from Ukraine. | |
"That compares with premiums of 5% or 10% that were being charged before the safe sea corridor was created," he says. | "That compares with premiums of 5% or 10% that were being charged before the safe sea corridor was created," he says. |
"The rates are reasonable, given the circumstances, but ship owners still won't take the risk." | "The rates are reasonable, given the circumstances, but ship owners still won't take the risk." |
How could grain be exported without a safe sea corridor? | How could grain be exported without a safe sea corridor? |
When its ports were blockaded, Ukraine tried to export as much as it could by land, using lorries and trains. | |
The EU set up what it called "solidarity lanes," so that Ukrainian grain could be shipped from ports on the Baltic Sea, and also from the Romanian port of Constanta. | The EU set up what it called "solidarity lanes," so that Ukrainian grain could be shipped from ports on the Baltic Sea, and also from the Romanian port of Constanta. |
However, a lack of road and rail capacity means that Ukraine can export only 10% of its grain at most by land. | However, a lack of road and rail capacity means that Ukraine can export only 10% of its grain at most by land. |