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Michael Baden: Michael Brown 'shot multiple times' Michael Brown shooting: Governor deploys National Guard
(about 2 hours later)
The unarmed black teenager killed by a police officer in Ferguson, Missouri, on 9 August was shot at least six times, including twice in the head, a medical examiner has said. The National Guard has been deployed to Ferguson, Missouri, following days of civil unrest after the police shooting of an unarmed black teenager.
Dr Michael Baden was hired to perform a second, independent autopsy by the family of Michael Brown, 18. The state's governor Jay Nixon said the additional resources meant a curfew currently in place would be lifted.
The family have called for the arrest of the officer who killed Mr Brown. Michael Brown, 18, was killed by a police officer on 9 August, sparking clashes between police and protesters.
Mr Brown's death has sparked days of unrest and clashes between protesters and police in the St Louis suburb. An independent autopsy commissioned by his family showed he was shot at least six times, including twice in the head.
'Difficult and dangerous'
The officer who shot Mr Brown, Darren Wilson, has been suspended with pay since the shooting, and Mr Brown's family have called for his arrest and prosecution.The officer who shot Mr Brown, Darren Wilson, has been suspended with pay since the shooting, and Mr Brown's family have called for his arrest and prosecution.
In a statement, Mr Nixon said he had deployed the National Guard after a "difficult and dangerous night" of violence and looting on the streets of Ferguson.
He said the guard would operate under the command of the Missouri State Highway Patrol to provide protection, and ensure the safety of the police command centre which was a target for violence on Sunday night.
"I join the people of Ferguson, and all Missourians, in strongly condemning the violent acts we saw last night, including the firing upon law enforcement officers, the shooting of a civilian, the throwing of Molotov cocktails, looting and a coordinated attempt to overrun the unified Command Centre," he said.
Earlier, a respected former New York pathologist hired by Mr Brown's family to perform an independent autopsy into his shooting gave his findings.
The family's lawyer Ben Crump said they had asked Dr Michael Baden to perform an autopsy as they "did not want to be left having to rely on the autopsy done by the St Louis law enforcement... the same individuals they feel are responsible for executing their son in broad daylight".
Dr Baden said he believed six bullets struck Mr Brown and two may have re-entered.
"All of the gunshot wounds could have been survivable, except the one at the top of the head," he said.
'We don't know''We don't know'
As the unrest, marked by a crackdown by riot police wielding tear gas and rubber bullets, has continued, on Sunday Missouri Governor Jay Nixon ordered the National Guard to the town to "help restore peace and order".
On Monday, lawyer Ben Crump said Mr Brown's family had asked Dr Baden to perform an autopsy as they "did not want to be left having to rely on the autopsy done by the St Louis law enforcement... the same individuals they feel are responsible for executing their son in broad daylight".
Shawn Parcells, a forensic pathologist who assisted Dr Baden, said a wound to Mr Brown's right arm may have been sustained as he had his hands up, "but we don't know".
He said the wound was consistent either with having his back to the officer or facing the officer with his hands above his head or in a defensive position. Witnesses have said Mr Brown was shot as he held his hands up in a position of surrender.
Dr Baden, a veteran of the New York City medical examiner's office and nationally prominent forensic pathologist, said his preliminary findings could answer the family's basic questions, including how many times he was shot and if he suffered.
"We can answer those questions on day one on the basis of the injuries," Dr Baden told reporters. "Telling that to a family can be very helpful at a trying time."
"The family has a right to know how their loved one died. This calms family or community concerns."
'Survivable'
He and Mr Parcells said they believed at least two bullets left re-entry wounds.
One bullet entered the top of his head and another entered directly above his right eyebrow. Mr Brown was 6ft 4in (1.9m) tall.
"All of the gunshot wounds could have been survivable, except the one at the top of the head," Dr Baden said.
Both men said more information was needed, including W-rays from the initial autopsy, the medical evaluation of Mr Wilson and an examination of the clothes Mr Brown was wearing at his time of death.
Dr Baden said there were no signs of a struggle, as abrasions around the teenager's face were likely from falling to the pavement after being shot.Dr Baden said there were no signs of a struggle, as abrasions around the teenager's face were likely from falling to the pavement after being shot.
He also believed Mr Wilson did not shoot him at close range as there was no gunpowder residue on his body, suggesting the officer was at least 2ft away.He also believed Mr Wilson did not shoot him at close range as there was no gunpowder residue on his body, suggesting the officer was at least 2ft away.
Shawn Parcells, a forensic pathologist who assisted Dr Baden, said a wound to Mr Brown's right arm may have been sustained as he had his hands up, "but we don't know".
He said the wound was consistent either with having his back to the officer or facing the officer with his hands above his head or in a defensive position.
Witnesses have said Mr Brown was shot as he held his hands up in a position of surrender, while the police and supporters of Mr Wilson have said he fired during a fight with Mr Brown.
The autopsy team said more information was needed, including X-rays from the initial autopsy, the medical evaluation of Mr Wilson and an examination of the clothes Mr Brown was wearing at his time of death.
Another autopsy on Mr Brown will be conducted by the US justice department, in addition to examinations by Dr Baden's and St Louis county officials.Another autopsy on Mr Brown will be conducted by the US justice department, in addition to examinations by Dr Baden's and St Louis county officials.
Timeline of eventsTimeline of events
Are you in Ferguson? Did you witness or take part in any of the recent events surrounding the death of Michael Brown? Email your experiences to Haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk using the subject 'Ferguson'.Are you in Ferguson? Did you witness or take part in any of the recent events surrounding the death of Michael Brown? Email your experiences to Haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk using the subject 'Ferguson'.