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Ukraine maps: Tracking Russia's invasion Ukraine maps: Tracking Russia's invasion
(about 20 hours later)
Fighting has reached the Ukrainian capital Kyiv after Russians launched a full-scale invasion of the country from three main directions. Russian forces entered Kharkiv, Ukraine's second city, in the early hours of Sunday morning, on day four of the full-scale Russian invasion.
Troops are advancing from the north; from the east through Donetsk, Luhansk, Kharkiv and Sumy; and from Crimea in the south. The Russians launched their attack on Thursday from the north towards Kyiv, from the east towards Kharkiv, Sumy, Donetsk and Luhansk, and from Crimea in the south.
Dozens of targets have been struck, as Russian troops have poured into Ukraine and launched missile strikes on major cities.Dozens of targets have been struck, as Russian troops have poured into Ukraine and launched missile strikes on major cities.
The fight for KyivThe fight for Kyiv
Russian troops arrived in the Obolon district of Kyiv on Friday, less than 6 miles (9km) from the city centre. Russian forces arrived at Obolon on the outskirts of Kyiv on Friday, but so far have not advanced into the centre of the capital.
Overnight, explosions rocked the city and there were reports of fighting near the zoo and Shuliavka neighbourhood in the west of the city in the early hours of Saturday. Russian troops now control a narrow path across the Dnieper river into the east of Kyiv, according to the Institute for the Study of War.
The city's mayor, Vitali Klitschko, said there was no major Russian military presence in Kyiv, but he said Russian saboteur groups were active. Overnight there were reports of clashes with so-called saboteur groups on the city streets - and an oil depot was hit at Vasylkiv south of the city.
A residential apartment building was hit by a missile as the capital came under attack. A residential block in the suburb of Bucha was hit by shelling.
Ukrainian troops are reported to have repelled an attack on Peremohy Avenue, but reports suggest the Russians are also continuing to advance from Ivankiv to the north west. On Saturday there were explosions in the west of city near Peremohy Avenue and a residential apartment building was hit by a missile.
The Ukrainian army had tried to slow the Russian advance by blowing up a bridge over the Teteriv river at Ivankiv, 50 miles (80km) to the north of the city. There has been fierce fighting at Hostomel airport, to the west of Kyiv.
There has been fierce fighting at Hostomel airport, to the west of Kyiv, which was attacked by airborne Russian troops.
Russian troops around UkraineRussian troops around Ukraine
Russia is now in full control of significant parts of Ukraine's territory.Russia is now in full control of significant parts of Ukraine's territory.
After Ukraine's air defences and other military infrastructure came under attack on Thursday, columns of tanks moved rapidly into position, backed up by artillery and air power. After Ukraine's air defences and other military infrastructure came under attack on Thursday, columns of tanks moved into position, backed up by artillery and air power.
Among the initial targets were Kyiv, Karkhiv, Odesa and Ivano-Frankivsk but western cities including Lviv have also been targeted by missile strikes. Troops have spread across parts of the north, east and south, with missile strikes and artillery clearing the way for advancing Russian forces.
Troops are now spreading out in parts of the north, east and south, with missile strikes and artillery clearing the way for advancing Russian forces. But some analysts say overall progress by Russian troops has been slower than expected. Reports suggest that in some areas Russian troops have run out of fuel.
Strike from the northStrike from the north
From the north, Russian troops are believed to have crossed the border into Ukraine at the three-way junction between Ukraine, Russia and Belarus, at Senkivka. From the north, Russian troops crossed the border into Ukraine at the three-way junction between Ukraine, Russia and Belarus, at Senkivka.
In recent weeks, a huge deployment of Russian troops has gathered close to Novye Yurkovichi and Troebortno, including "the entire 41st army", according to Michael Kofman of the US-based Center for Naval Analyses.In recent weeks, a huge deployment of Russian troops has gathered close to Novye Yurkovichi and Troebortno, including "the entire 41st army", according to Michael Kofman of the US-based Center for Naval Analyses.
Armoured columns, including tanks and multiple launch rocket systems, moved towards Chernihiv. But reports suggest their advance from Chernihiv to Kyiv has been held back by Ukrainian forces. Armoured columns, including tanks and multiple launch rocket systems, moved towards Chernihiv, but analysts say Russian troops have temporarily abandoned their efforts to take the city after facing strong Ukrainian opposition.
A second advance has come down the west side of the Dnieper river via Chernobyl. Reports say some forces have bypassed the area to continue moving south.
A second, more rapid advance has come down the west side of the Dnieper river via Chernobyl, taking control of a large area to the north and west of Kyiv.
LIVE: Follow latest developmentsLIVE: Follow latest developments
Strike from the eastStrike from the east
In the east, there has been fighting around Kharkhiv, Ukraine's second-largest city. Parts of the city have been shelled. Russian forces have breached Kharkiv. On Sunday morning there were reports of street fighting and explosions.
There is also fighting around Donetsk, which has come under attack from troops crossing from Belgorod in western Russia. Images emerged showing Ukrainian troops firing rocket propelled grenades on street corners and Russian troops, on foot, moving behind armoured vehicles.
Firefighters work on a building in Chuguiv Reports say the shelling is continuing around Donetsk, which has come under attack from troops crossing from Belgorod in western Russia.
There are thought to be about 15,000 Russian-backed separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk, who may help a Russian advance. Ukraine believes the figure is higher.There are thought to be about 15,000 Russian-backed separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk, who may help a Russian advance. Ukraine believes the figure is higher.
Fighting has also continued around Sumy.
Firefighters work on a building in Chuguiv
Strike from the southStrike from the south
In the south, Russian troops have crossed from Crimea to the mainland taking Chongar and Novoalekseyevka and there has been heavy fighting around Kherson. Russian forces have made a rapid advance from Crimea, moving north east and north west.
The Ukrainian military says areas near the cities of Poltava and Mariupol have been hit by Russian cruise missiles launched from the Black Sea. To the north east, there has also been heavy fighting around Mariupol, a major port.
Explosions have also been heard in Odesa and Melitpol. The Russian defence ministry claims its troops entered Melitopol without resistance - although western officials suggest it is still in Ukrainian hands. On Saturday, Russian forces conducted an amphibious assault from the Sea of Azov on the city's western side.
There are reports of heavy fighting near the port Mariupol. An advance from Mariupol to the east would create a land bridge between Crimea and territory held by pro-Russian separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk.
The Pentagon says that Russian forces have conducted an amphibious assault to the west of the city. An advance from Mariupol to the east would create a land bridge between Crimea and territory held by pro-Russian separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk. The Russian defence ministry claims its troops entered Melitopol without resistance - although western officials suggested it is still in Ukrainian hands.
In recent days, Russia had positioned landing ships capable of deploying main battle tanks, armoured vehicles and personnel, off the Ukrainian coast in a major build-up in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. Russia also says that it has encircled the town of Berdyansk to the west of Mariupol.
Ukrainian forces are concentrated in the east of Ukraine, towards Donetsk and Luhansk, But Ukrainian forces have held the city of Kherson after heavy fighting and Russian forces appear to have halted their drive on Odesa.
Ben Barry, of the International Institute for Strategic Studies, says that a Russian advance north from Crimea may succeed in cutting them off from Kyiv, stranding them on the east side of the Dnieper River. In the days leading up to the invasion, Russia positioned landing ships capable of deploying main battle tanks, armoured vehicles and personnel, off the Ukrainian coast in a major build-up in the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.
With Russian troops to their east, in Donetsk and Luhansk, north in Russia, and on the west bank of the Dnieper, they would be encircled.
Graphics by Zoe Bartholomew, Mark Bryson and Sana DionysiouGraphics by Zoe Bartholomew, Mark Bryson and Sana Dionysiou