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Ukraine war in maps: Tracking the Russian invasion Ukraine war in maps: Tracking the Russian invasion
(32 minutes later)
Russian advances across Ukraine have slowed in recent days amid mounting casualties, but attempts to encircle and cut off the capital Kyiv continue.Russian advances across Ukraine have slowed in recent days amid mounting casualties, but attempts to encircle and cut off the capital Kyiv continue.
Here are the latest developments on day 21 of the invasion:Here are the latest developments on day 21 of the invasion:
Kyiv's suburbs saw some heavy aerial bombardment overnightKyiv's suburbs saw some heavy aerial bombardment overnight
Russian naval forces are gathering on the Black Sea near OdesaRussian naval forces are gathering on the Black Sea near Odesa
But supporting troops around Mykolaiv remain bogged downBut supporting troops around Mykolaiv remain bogged down
Siege of Mariupol continues after 20,000 were evacuatedSiege of Mariupol continues after 20,000 were evacuated
Russia launched its attack in the early hours of 24 February from three main directions: north, south and east. Russia launched its attack in the early hours of 24 February, with its troops advancing from three main directions:
Targets all over the country have been attacked from land, sea and air. Crimea in the south, which Russia annexed in 2014
The fight for Kyiv The Donetsk and Luhansk regions in the east, where Russian-backed separatists already controlled large areas of territory
Russian forces are attempting to encircle and cut off the Ukrainian capital, with troops gathered at multiple positions around the city. Belarus in the north, where Russian forces were taking part in joint military training exercises
Blasts were heard across Kyiv again on Wednesday morning, with residential areas in the north west of the city hit by Russian shelling. The fight for Kyiv in the north
Ukrainian generals in the capital have said their focus at the moment is on keeping Russian artillery out of range of the city centre. Russian troops have pushed towards Kyiv from the north, with the main advance coming down the west side of the Dnieper River via Chernobyl.
A 40-mile Russian armoured column to the west of the city has now dispersed, moving more artillery and rocket launchers to within range of the capital's outskirts. But those troops have faced serious logistical problems, with many vehicles running out of fuel, and have faced strong Ukrainian resistance along the way.
Fighting on the ground continues in the north west suburbs of Bucha and Irpin, but Russian attempts to cross the Irpin River have failed so far. The closest Russian troops to the north west of Kyiv are in the suburbs of Bucha and Irpin, about 25km (15 miles) from the city centre, but they have failed to cross the Irpin River so far.
That river and others across the city, as well as difficult terrain like marshlands and bogs, have helped Ukrainian forces slow Russian advances so far.That river and others across the city, as well as difficult terrain like marshlands and bogs, have helped Ukrainian forces slow Russian advances so far.
The city is bracing itself for a ground assault but Justin Bronk, a defence analyst at the Royal United Services Institute, told the BBC that he doubts Russia has enough ground forces in place to take the capital at the moment. A Russian advance towards the east of the capital has stalled around the suburb of Brovary, about 20km (12 miles) away from the centre of Kyiv.
Ukrainian generals in the capital have said their focus at the moment is on keeping Russian artillery out of range of the city centre.
Russian forces are attempting to encircle and cut off the capital, but large areas around the city remain under Ukrainian control, especially in the south.
Justin Bronk, a defence analyst at the Royal United Services Institute, told the BBC that he doubts Russia has enough ground forces in place to take Kyiv at the moment.
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Slow Russian progress in the north
Although Russian troops have pushed forward towards the outskirts of Kyiv, their progress in the north has been slower than in the south.
The main advance towards the capital initially came from Belarus down the west side of the Dnieper River via Chernobyl.
Russian forces have faced serious logistical problems, with many vehicles running out of fuel, and have faced strong Ukrainian resistance.
In the north east, Russian troops have surrounded the city of Sumy, bombed vital infrastructure and cut off supply routes.
A similar attempt to encircle Kharkiv, Ukraine's second-largest city, has been less successful with analysts suggesting Russian forces there have a short supply of ammunition.
Artillery attacks on residential areas of Kharkiv are being investigated by United Nations (UN) prosecutors for possible war crimes.
Big Russian gains in the southBig Russian gains in the south
Russian forces have made rapid gains across the south of the country, advancing east and west from Crimea.Russian forces have made rapid gains across the south of the country, advancing east and west from Crimea.
In the south east, there is growing concern for civilians trapped in the port city of Mariupol, which is encircled by Russian forces and has come under heavy fire. In the south east, civilians remain trapped in Mariupol, a port city of about half a million people, which is encircled by Russian forces and has come under heavy fire.
About 20,000 residents managed to leave Mariupol, a city of nearly half a million people, on Tuesday, according to the Ukrainian government.
So far, Ukrainian forces have managed to fend off Russian attempts on the ground to capture the city.So far, Ukrainian forces have managed to fend off Russian attempts on the ground to capture the city.
Elsewhere in the south, Russian advances on Mykolaiv in the west have slowed. Taking the city is key for the Russians to push further west towards Odesa.Elsewhere in the south, Russian advances on Mykolaiv in the west have slowed. Taking the city is key for the Russians to push further west towards Odesa.
Russian naval forces off the coast of Odesa have conducted some shelling of the city in recent days but an amphibious landing would be very difficult and a sign of Russian desperation, according to Mr Bronk.Russian naval forces off the coast of Odesa have conducted some shelling of the city in recent days but an amphibious landing would be very difficult and a sign of Russian desperation, according to Mr Bronk.
The BBC's Security Correspondent Frank Gardner says the port city of Odesa would be a prize for Russia as it would cut off Ukraine's access to the Black Sea. Odesa is strategically important for Russia as it would cut off Ukraine's access to the Black Sea.
Russian advances in the eastRussian advances in the east
Fighting continues in the Donetsk region. Russian forces are reported to be making steady territorial gains in the region. Fighting continues in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, where Russian-backed separatists held significant territory before the Russian invasion.
The Donetsk regional governor said barely anything was left of the city Volnovakha as a result of Russian attacks. In the north east, Russian troops have surrounded the city of Sumy, bombed vital infrastructure and cut off supply routes.
In neighbouring Luhansk, Russian forces are reported to have made several unsuccessful attacks on Severodonetsk. A similar attempt to encircle Kharkiv, Ukraine's second-largest city, has been less successful with analysts suggesting Russian forces there are in short supply of ammunition.
Dnipro has come under attack in recent days and is strategically important as a point of convergence for Russian troops coming from the south and east. Artillery attacks on residential areas of Kharkiv are being investigated by United Nations (UN) prosecutors for possible war crimes.
By David Brown, Bella Hurrell, Dominic Bailey, Mike Hills, Lucy Rodgers, Paul Sargeant, Mark Bryson, Zoe Bartholomew, Sean Willmott, Sana Dionysiou, Joy Roxas, Gerry Fletcher, Jana Tauschinsk and Prina Shah.By David Brown, Bella Hurrell, Dominic Bailey, Mike Hills, Lucy Rodgers, Paul Sargeant, Mark Bryson, Zoe Bartholomew, Sean Willmott, Sana Dionysiou, Joy Roxas, Gerry Fletcher, Jana Tauschinsk and Prina Shah.
About these mapsAbout these maps
To indicate which parts of Ukraine are under control by Russian troops we are using daily assessments published by the Institute for the Study of War with the American Enterprise Institute's Critical Threats Project.To indicate which parts of Ukraine are under control by Russian troops we are using daily assessments published by the Institute for the Study of War with the American Enterprise Institute's Critical Threats Project.
From 2 March this daily assessment differentiated between "Assessed Russian-controlled Ukrainian territory" and "Assessed Russian advances in Ukraine", the latter indicating areas where Russians are believed to have launched attacks from but which they do not control.From 2 March this daily assessment differentiated between "Assessed Russian-controlled Ukrainian territory" and "Assessed Russian advances in Ukraine", the latter indicating areas where Russians are believed to have launched attacks from but which they do not control.
To show key areas where advances are taking place we are also using daily updates from the UK Ministry of Defence and BBC research. To show locations where there have been attacks or explosions we are using reports that have been verified by the BBC.To show key areas where advances are taking place we are also using daily updates from the UK Ministry of Defence and BBC research. To show locations where there have been attacks or explosions we are using reports that have been verified by the BBC.
The situation in Ukraine is fast moving and it is likely there will be times when there have been changes not reflected in the maps.The situation in Ukraine is fast moving and it is likely there will be times when there have been changes not reflected in the maps.