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Ukraine war in maps: Tracking the Russian invasion Ukraine war in maps: Tracking the Russian invasion
(1 day later)
Russia says it is moving to focus on taking full control of the east of Ukraine in a sign that Moscow knows its pre-war strategy has failed, according to Western officials. Russia has continued to strike targets across Ukraine, despite saying it has shifted its focus to the east of the country.
Here are the latest developments on day 31 of the invasion: Here are the latest developments on day 32 of the invasion:
Russia says goal of reducing Ukraine's military power has been met Western city of Lviv has come under heavy rocket fire
Focus is now Donetsk and Luhansk regions, Russian army chief says Northern city of Chernihiv has now been encircled by Russian forces, its mayor says
Change of tactics comes after several Ukrainian counter-attacks Russia continues unsuccessful attempts to encircle capital Kyiv
Ukrainian forces are seeking to retake city of Kherson in the south Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky renews call for weapons
But major cities of Kharkiv, Chernihiv and Mariupol remain besieged Russia launched its attack in the early hours of 24 February, but more than four weeks into the war the battlefield across northern Ukraine remains "largely static", according to the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD).
Russia launched its attack in the early hours of 24 February, but more than four weeks into the war it appears that Moscow has been forced to reconsider its objectives in the face of strong Ukrainian resistance. Ukrainian counter-attacks are hampering Russian attempts to reorganise their forces, the MoD says.
Despite surrounding a number of cities, Russian forces are reluctant to engage in large-scale urban operations, according to the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD). Russia continues to rely on munitions launched from within Russian airspace in order to reduce their aircrafts' exposure to Ukrainian air defences, it adds.
Instead, the MoD says Russia is increasingly relying on heavy aerial bombardments as it looks to limit its own considerable losses, at the cost of further civilian casualties.
Ukrainians fight back around KyivUkrainians fight back around Kyiv
In Kyiv, Russia has been attempting to encircle the city for weeks now, but Ukrainian forces remain in control of large areas around the capital, especially in the south. In Kyiv, Russia continues its unsuccessful attempts to encircle Kyiv, despite stating it was to refocus efforts in the east of the country.
The largest concentration of Russian ground forces remains around the capital, according to the Institute for the Study of War (ISW), but Ukrainian forces remain in control of large areas around the city, especially in the south.
In recent days, Ukraine has launched counter-attacks to the east and west of Kyiv and regained some territory that had been occupied by Russian troops.In recent days, Ukraine has launched counter-attacks to the east and west of Kyiv and regained some territory that had been occupied by Russian troops.
The nearest Russian troops have advanced to the west of Kyiv is about 25km (15 miles) from the city centre, around the suburbs of Irpin and Bucha.The nearest Russian troops have advanced to the west of Kyiv is about 25km (15 miles) from the city centre, around the suburbs of Irpin and Bucha.
This means Russian artillery remains out of range of central Kyiv, but shelling of the outskirts continues to cause casualties and destroy homes and infrastructure - and the city is still vulnerable to Russian warplanes.This means Russian artillery remains out of range of central Kyiv, but shelling of the outskirts continues to cause casualties and destroy homes and infrastructure - and the city is still vulnerable to Russian warplanes.
To the east of the capital, Ukrainian forces have repelled renewed Russian attempts to advance toward Brovary, about 20km (12 miles) away from the centre of Kyiv.To the east of the capital, Ukrainian forces have repelled renewed Russian attempts to advance toward Brovary, about 20km (12 miles) away from the centre of Kyiv.
The Russian advance on Kyiv from the east has been hindered by its inability to take control of Chernihiv, a major city to the north east that sits between the capital and the Russian border.The Russian advance on Kyiv from the east has been hindered by its inability to take control of Chernihiv, a major city to the north east that sits between the capital and the Russian border.
Chernihiv's governor says the city is effectively surrounded by Russian forces, but Ukrainian troops remain in control of the centre at the moment. The mayor of Chernihiv says the northern Ukrainian city is now completely encircled by Russian forces.
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Russian progress slows in the southRussian progress slows in the south
Russian forces initially made rapid gains in the south, with their main objective being the creation of a land corridor between Crimea, which it annexed in 2014, and areas held by Russian-backed separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk.Russian forces initially made rapid gains in the south, with their main objective being the creation of a land corridor between Crimea, which it annexed in 2014, and areas held by Russian-backed separatists in Donetsk and Luhansk.
Standing in the way of that objective has been the port city of Mariupol, which has been encircled by Russian forces since the start of March.Standing in the way of that objective has been the port city of Mariupol, which has been encircled by Russian forces since the start of March.
Russian forces have been advancing further into the centre of the city, where Ukrainian officials have said some 100,000 civilians remained trapped. Fighting remains fierce in the city and the Russians continue to suffer significant losses, but they will likely gain control of Mariupol in the near future, analysts at the ISW say.
The scale of Russian losses in Mariupol will determine whether they can renew large-scale combat operations in eastern Ukraine, analysts add.
To the west, Russia has been attempting to push towards Odesa, with the aim of cutting off Ukraine's access to the Black Sea.To the west, Russia has been attempting to push towards Odesa, with the aim of cutting off Ukraine's access to the Black Sea.
But their advances stalled at Mykolaiv, where a counter-attack by Ukrainian troops has pushed Russian forces back towards the city of Kherson.But their advances stalled at Mykolaiv, where a counter-attack by Ukrainian troops has pushed Russian forces back towards the city of Kherson.
On Friday, a senior US defence official told the BBC that Ukrainian forces could retake Kherson, which was captured by Russia early on in the war, in the coming days. People in the captured city of Kherson are resisting Russian control, though, drawing resources from elsewhere. Such efforts will hinder Russian ability to conduct offensive operations elsewhere, ISW analysts say.
Russia targets full control in the eastRussia targets full control in the east
With recent setbacks elsewhere in the country, the chief of the Russian army now says the focus of its forces is the "complete liberation" of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions. With recent setbacks elsewhere in the country, the chief of the Russian army says the focus of its forces is the "complete liberation" of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions.
One Western official told the BBC this was a sign that Russia was recognising that "it can't pursue its operations on multiple axes simultaneously". Although continuing to attack cities across Ukraine, Russian forces appear to be concentrating efforts on encircling Ukrainian forces around separatist regions in the east - advancing from Kharkiv to the north and Mariupol from the south, the MoD says.
Russian-backed separatists held significant territory in the eastern regions before the Russian invasion and Moscow now claims that it controls 93% of Luhansk and 54% of Donetsk.Russian-backed separatists held significant territory in the eastern regions before the Russian invasion and Moscow now claims that it controls 93% of Luhansk and 54% of Donetsk.
Western officials say several thousand Russian troops are on their way to the region to bolster their forces.Western officials say several thousand Russian troops are on their way to the region to bolster their forces.
By David Brown, Bella Hurrell, Dominic Bailey, Mike Hills, Lucy Rodgers, Paul Sargeant, Mark Bryson, Zoe Bartholomew, Sean Willmott, Sana Dionysiou, Joy Roxas, Gerry Fletcher, Jana Tauschinsk and Prina Shah. By David Brown, Bella Hurrell, Dominic Bailey, Mike Hills, Lucy Rodgers, Paul Sargeant, Mark Bryson, Zoe Bartholomew, Sean Willmott, Sana Dionysiou, Joy Roxas, Gerry Fletcher, Jana Tauschinsk, Debie Loizou and Prina Shah.
About these mapsAbout these maps
To indicate which parts of Ukraine are under control by Russian troops we are using daily assessments published by the Institute for the Study of War with the American Enterprise Institute's Critical Threats Project.To indicate which parts of Ukraine are under control by Russian troops we are using daily assessments published by the Institute for the Study of War with the American Enterprise Institute's Critical Threats Project.
From 2 March this daily assessment differentiated between "Assessed Russian-controlled Ukrainian territory" and "Assessed Russian advances in Ukraine", the latter indicating areas where Russians are believed to have launched attacks from but which they do not control.From 2 March this daily assessment differentiated between "Assessed Russian-controlled Ukrainian territory" and "Assessed Russian advances in Ukraine", the latter indicating areas where Russians are believed to have launched attacks from but which they do not control.
To show key areas where advances are taking place we are also using daily updates from the UK Ministry of Defence and BBC research.To show key areas where advances are taking place we are also using daily updates from the UK Ministry of Defence and BBC research.
The situation in Ukraine is fast moving and it is likely there will be times when there have been changes not reflected in the maps.The situation in Ukraine is fast moving and it is likely there will be times when there have been changes not reflected in the maps.