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| Version 70 | Version 71 |
|---|---|
| Brexit: What happens now? | Brexit: What happens now? |
| (1 day later) | |
| On Saturday MPs voted to withhold support for Boris Johnson's new Brexit deal until it had been enacted into law. | |
| Boris Johnson then sent a letter to the EU requesting a Brexit delay until 31 January, as he was legally required to do. | |
| Now the government wants a new vote on the deal. After that they would introduce the parliamentary bill that would turn it into law. | |
| The first key decision on Monday will be when the Speaker announces whether he will allow a new meaningful vote motion to go ahead. | |
| If it does go ahead and MPs vote for the deal then the prime minister would be able to withdraw the request he has made to the EU asking for a Brexit extension. | |
| The government would then introduce the Withdrawal Agreement Bill with MPs under pressure to get it complete by 31 October to avoid a no-deal Brexit. | |
| However, there has been speculation that the Speaker will disallow the government's motion because it effectively asks MPs to consider the same question as they did on Saturday. | |
| If he does reject it the government can still introduce the Withdrawal Agreement Bill, with the first vote coming on Tuesday. But there will be opportunities for MPs to make amendments. It's not clear in those circumstances that the whole process could be completed by 31 October. | |
| Extension request | Extension request |
| If it looks as though Parliament will not have passed the deal by 31 October, the EU will consider the UK's extension request. | |
| All 27 EU nations must agree to an extension. | |
| If the EU refuses to grant the UK a delay then Brexit will happen on 31 October at 23:00 GMT. | |
| Leaving without a deal (or withdrawal agreement) means the UK would immediately exit the customs union and single market - arrangements designed to make trade easier. | Leaving without a deal (or withdrawal agreement) means the UK would immediately exit the customs union and single market - arrangements designed to make trade easier. |
| Early election | Early election |
| An early election is widely expected after 31 October when Brexit is currently scheduled to happen. It's unclear, though, whether that would be later this year or early next year. | An early election is widely expected after 31 October when Brexit is currently scheduled to happen. It's unclear, though, whether that would be later this year or early next year. |
| If Brexit is delayed, the House of Commons might be asked again by the government to back an early general election. That requires a 2/3 majority in the House of Commons and so far MPs have not been prepared to agree. | If Brexit is delayed, the House of Commons might be asked again by the government to back an early general election. That requires a 2/3 majority in the House of Commons and so far MPs have not been prepared to agree. |
| An alternative route for the government would be a short new law specifying the date of an early general election - this would require only a simple majority and not need two-thirds of MPs. | An alternative route for the government would be a short new law specifying the date of an early general election - this would require only a simple majority and not need two-thirds of MPs. |
| There is another much more dramatic way - the prime minister could call a vote of no confidence in his own government. | There is another much more dramatic way - the prime minister could call a vote of no confidence in his own government. |
| Vote of no confidence | Vote of no confidence |
| At any point the opposition could call a vote of no confidence in the government. Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn has previously said he would table such a motion. | At any point the opposition could call a vote of no confidence in the government. Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn has previously said he would table such a motion. |
| If more MPs vote for the no-confidence motion than against it, there would then be a 14-day window to see if the current government - or an alternative one with a new prime minister - could win a vote of confidence. | If more MPs vote for the no-confidence motion than against it, there would then be a 14-day window to see if the current government - or an alternative one with a new prime minister - could win a vote of confidence. |
| If no-one does then a general election would follow. | If no-one does then a general election would follow. |
| Another referendum | Another referendum |
| There could also be another referendum although it would certainly require a Brexit delay and, most likely, a change of government first. | There could also be another referendum although it would certainly require a Brexit delay and, most likely, a change of government first. |
| The referendum could have the same legal status as the one in 2016. It would be advisory, and the government would have to decide how to respond once the result was known. | The referendum could have the same legal status as the one in 2016. It would be advisory, and the government would have to decide how to respond once the result was known. |
| An alternative would be to hold a so-called "confirmatory" referendum. That would be between a particular Brexit deal and remain - or possibly with no deal as an option. The result of this kind of referendum would be legally binding. | An alternative would be to hold a so-called "confirmatory" referendum. That would be between a particular Brexit deal and remain - or possibly with no deal as an option. The result of this kind of referendum would be legally binding. |
| Either way, the new referendum would require legislation to be held. There would also have to be time for the Electoral Commission to consider the question wording - especially if it's a referendum with more than two options. | Either way, the new referendum would require legislation to be held. There would also have to be time for the Electoral Commission to consider the question wording - especially if it's a referendum with more than two options. |
| Experts at the Constitution Unit at University College London say it would take a minimum of 22 weeks. | Experts at the Constitution Unit at University College London say it would take a minimum of 22 weeks. |
| Cancel Brexit | Cancel Brexit |
| There is also the legal option of cancelling Brexit altogether by revoking Article 50. | There is also the legal option of cancelling Brexit altogether by revoking Article 50. |
| But clearly, this is not something the current government is contemplating - so it's only really possible to imagine this outcome after a change of government. | But clearly, this is not something the current government is contemplating - so it's only really possible to imagine this outcome after a change of government. |
| The Liberal Democrats have said that if they won a majority in the House of Commons they would revoke Article 50 and cancel Brexit. | The Liberal Democrats have said that if they won a majority in the House of Commons they would revoke Article 50 and cancel Brexit. |
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